Hall Ryan C H, Friedman Susan Hatters, Jain Abhishek
Dr. Hall is Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Affiliate Assistant Professor, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL and Adjunct Professor, Barry University School of Law. Dr. Hatters Friedman is Associate Professor of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland and staff psychiatrist Mason Clinic, Auckland Regional Forensic Psychiatry Services, Auckland, New Zealand. She is also Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. Dr. Jain is Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Portions of this article were presented at the 2014 AAPL annual meeting in Chicago.
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2015 Sep;43(3):359-68.
Recent evolving trends in the United States legal system regarding how policies and laws are applied to pregnant women include concerns over the use of restraints or shackles in pregnant inmates and forced treatment or commitment of pregnant women for substance abuse. These topics raise many questions, such as: how violent are women, particularly pregnant women; what are the informed consent and treatment implications; and who is at risk of harm? In addition, questions have been raised regarding maternal versus fetal rights, especially when the mother uses substances during a pregnancy. We review legal decisions and organizational position statements and highlight ethics-related concerns.
美国法律体系中有关政策和法律如何适用于孕妇的最新发展趋势包括对怀孕囚犯使用约束措施或镣铐以及因药物滥用对孕妇进行强制治疗或收押的担忧。这些话题引发了许多问题，例如：女性，尤其是孕妇有多暴力；知情同意和治疗的影响是什么；以及谁有受到伤害的风险？此外，还出现了关于母亲权利与胎儿权利的问题，特别是当母亲在怀孕期间使用药物时。我们回顾了法律判决和组织立场声明，并强调了与伦理相关的问题。
