Reeves Elizabeth
a Duke University, School of Nursing , Durham , North Carolina , USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2015;36(9):698-709. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2015.1025319.
Patients with a history of traumatic life events can become distressed or re-traumatized as the result of healthcare experiences. These patients can benefit from trauma-informed care that is sensitive to their unique needs. However, despite the widespread prevalence of traumatic life experiences such as sexual assault and intimate partner violence, trauma-informed care has not been widely researched or implemented. The purpose of this synthesis of the literature is to examine existing research on trauma-informed care for survivors of physical and sexual abuse. The following themes are discussed: trauma screening and patient disclosure, provider-patient relationships, minimizing distress and maximizing autonomy, multidisciplinary collaboration and referrals, and trauma-informed care in diverse settings. This synthesis also explores implications for trauma-informed care research, practice and policy. The themes identified here could be used as a framework for creating provider and survivor educational interventions and for implementing trauma-informed care across disciplines. The findings of this synthesis support further research on patient and provider experiences of trauma-informed care, and research to test the efficacy of trauma-informed care interventions across healthcare settings. Universal implementation of trauma-informed care can ensure that the unique needs of trauma survivors as patients are met, and mitigate barriers to care and health disparities experienced by this vulnerable population.
有创伤性生活事件史的患者可能会因医疗经历而感到痛苦或再次受到创伤。这些患者可以从对其独特需求敏感的创伤知情护理中受益。然而，尽管诸如性侵犯和亲密伴侣暴力等创伤性生活经历普遍存在，但创伤知情护理尚未得到广泛研究或实施。本文献综述的目的是研究针对身体虐待和性虐待幸存者的创伤知情护理的现有研究。讨论了以下主题：创伤筛查与患者披露、医患关系、将痛苦降至最低并最大化自主性、多学科协作与转诊，以及不同环境下的创伤知情护理。本综述还探讨了对创伤知情护理研究、实践和政策的影响。这里确定的主题可作为创建提供者和幸存者教育干预措施以及跨学科实施创伤知情护理的框架。本综述的结果支持进一步研究患者和提供者在创伤知情护理方面的经历，以及测试创伤知情护理干预措施在不同医疗环境中的疗效的研究。普遍实施创伤知情护理可以确保满足创伤幸存者作为患者的独特需求，并减轻这一弱势群体在医疗保健方面遇到的障碍和健康差距。
