Nolan Rachel C, Narayana Kannan, Galetta Steven L, Balcer Laura J
Departments of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Semin Neurol. 2015 Oct;35(5):564-77. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1563579. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new technology that is now routinely and very widely used by ophthalmologists for structural documentation of the optic nerve and retina. In neuro-ophthalmology and neurology, the value of OCT is ever expanding; its role in an increasing number of conditions is being reported in parallel with the advances of the technology. Currently, as a clinical tool, OCT is particularly useful for the structural measurement of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, optic nerve head volumetric analysis, and macular anatomy. Optic neuropathies of varied etiology (particularly from multiple sclerosis) may be the most common clinical indications for neurologists to obtain OCT imaging. Documentation and follow-up of disc edema of varied etiology (papilledema and idiopathic intracranial hypertension), discriminating true disc swelling from pseudopapilledema, and differentiating optic neuropathy from maculopathy are some other examples from clinical practice.
光学相干断层扫描（OCT）是一项相对较新的技术，目前眼科医生经常且广泛地使用它来对视神经和视网膜进行结构记录。在神经眼科和神经病学领域，OCT的价值正在不断扩大；随着技术的进步，越来越多病症中OCT的作用也不断被报道。目前，作为一种临床工具，OCT对于测量视乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视神经乳头体积分析以及黄斑解剖结构特别有用。病因各异的视神经病变（尤其是多发性硬化症引起的）可能是神经科医生进行OCT成像最常见的临床指征。病因各异的视盘水肿（视乳头水肿和特发性颅内高压）的记录与随访、区分真性视盘肿胀与假性视乳头水肿以及鉴别视神经病变与黄斑病变是临床实践中的其他一些例子。
