Assari Shervin, Lankarani Maryam Moghani
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA ; Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA.
Int J Prev Med. 2015 Sep 3;6:85. doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.164413. eCollection 2015.
This study explored cross-country differences in how multi-morbidity explains the effects of socioeconomic characteristics on self-rated health.
The study borrowed data from the Research on Early Life and Aging Trends and Effects. Participants were 44,530 individuals (age > 65 years) who were sampled from 15 countries (i.e. United States, China, India, Russia, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Uruguay, Ghana and South Africa). Multi-morbidity was measured as number of chronic medical conditions. In Model I, main effects of socioeconomic factors on self-rated health were calculated using country-specific logistic regressions. In Model II, number of chronic conditions were also added to the models to find changes in coefficients for demographic and socioeconomic factors.
In the United States, number of chronic medical conditions explained the effect of income on subjective health. In Puerto Rico, number of chronic medical conditions explained the effect of marital status on subjective health. In Costa Rica, Argentina, Barbados, Cuba, and Uruguay, number of chronic medical conditions explained gender disparities in subjective health. In China, Mexico, Brazil, Russia, Chile, India, Ghana and South Africa, number of chronic medical conditions did not explain the effect of demographic or socioeconomic factors on subjective health.
Multi-morbidity explains the effect of demographic and socioeconomic factors on subjective health in some but not other countries. Further research is needed.
本研究探讨了在多病共存如何解释社会经济特征对自评健康的影响方面的跨国差异。
该研究借鉴了《早期生活与衰老趋势及影响研究》的数据。参与者为44530名年龄大于65岁的个体，他们来自15个国家（即美国、中国、印度、俄罗斯、哥斯达黎加、波多黎各、墨西哥、阿根廷、巴巴多斯、巴西、智利、古巴、乌拉圭、加纳和南非）。多病共存以慢性疾病的数量来衡量。在模型I中，使用特定国家的逻辑回归计算社会经济因素对自评健康的主要影响。在模型II中，还将慢性病数量添加到模型中，以找出人口统计学和社会经济因素系数的变化。
在美国，慢性疾病的数量解释了收入对主观健康的影响。在波多黎各，慢性疾病的数量解释了婚姻状况对主观健康的影响。在哥斯达黎加、阿根廷、巴巴多斯、古巴和乌拉圭，慢性疾病的数量解释了主观健康方面的性别差异。在中国、墨西哥、巴西、俄罗斯、智利、印度、加纳和南非，慢性疾病的数量并未解释人口统计学或社会经济因素对主观健康的影响。
多病共存解释了某些国家而非其他国家中人口统计学和社会经济因素对主观健康的影响。需要进一步研究。
