Rangiani Afsaneh, Jing Yan, Ren Yinshi, Yadav Sumit, Taylor Reginald, Feng Jian Q
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA, Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA, and.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
Eur J Orthod. 2016 Aug;38(4):373-8. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjv071. Epub 2015 Oct 7.
The process of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) involves multiple mechanisms of action including bone and extracellular matrix remodelling, although the role of periodontal ligament (PDL) in this process is largely unknown. Periostin, which is highly expressed in the PDL, is known to be responsible for mechanical stimulation in maintaining the integrity of periodontal tissues. We hypothesize that this protein plays an important role during OTM.
By using spring in 4-week-old wild-type (WT) and periostin null mice, the rate of tooth movement and mineralization were evaluated. For the evaluation, double labelling, expression of sclerostin (SOST), number of TRAP-positive cells, and quality of collagen fibrils by Sirius red were analysed and compared between these two groups.
Our findings showed that the distance of the tooth movement and mineral deposition rates were significantly reduced in periostin null mice (P < 0.05), with a lack of expression changes in SOST as observed in the WT group. The arrangement, digestion, and integrity of collagen fibrils were impaired in periostin null mice. The number of osteoclasts reflected by expressions of TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) in the null mice was also significantly lower than the WT control (P < 0.05).
Periostin plays a stimulatory role in both SOST and TRAP responses to OTM in the compassion site, although it is not clear if this role is direct or indirect during orthodontic loading.
正畸牙齿移动（OTM）过程涉及多种作用机制，包括骨骼和细胞外基质重塑，尽管牙周膜（PDL）在此过程中的作用很大程度上未知。骨膜蛋白在牙周膜中高表达，已知其负责维持牙周组织完整性的机械刺激。我们假设这种蛋白质在正畸牙齿移动过程中起重要作用。
通过在4周龄野生型（WT）和骨膜蛋白缺失小鼠中使用弹簧，评估牙齿移动速率和矿化情况。为进行评估，分析并比较了两组之间的双重标记、硬化蛋白（SOST）表达、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）阳性细胞数量以及用天狼星红染色的胶原纤维质量。
我们的研究结果表明，骨膜蛋白缺失小鼠的牙齿移动距离和矿物质沉积速率显著降低（P < 0.05），且未观察到如野生型组中SOST的表达变化。骨膜蛋白缺失小鼠的胶原纤维排列、消化和完整性受损。通过TRAP表达反映的破骨细胞数量在缺失小鼠中也显著低于野生型对照组（P < 0.05）。
骨膜蛋白在正畸牙齿移动的同情部位对SOST和TRAP反应均起刺激作用，尽管在正畸加载过程中该作用是直接还是间接尚不清楚。
