Zakaria Zainul Amiruddin, Zainol Amal Syahirah Nur, Sahmat Adibah, Salleh Nurul Izzah, Hizami Azfar, Mahmood Nur Diyana, Nasir Nurliana, Mamat Siti Syariah, Kamisan Farah Hidayah, Mohtarrudin Norhafizah, Abdul Hamid Siti Selina, Tohid Siti Farah, Teh Lay Kek, Salleh Mohd Zaki
a Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia .
b Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Level 7, FF3, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus , Selangor , Malaysia .
Pharm Biol. 2016;54(5):812-26. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1085580. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
Muntingia calabura L. (family Muntingiaceae) and Melastoma malabathricum L. (family Melastomaceae) are traditionally used to treat gastric ulcer.
The present study determines the mechanisms of gastroprotective activity of the chloroform extract of leaves obtained from both the plants using several in vitro and in vivo assays.
Phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, and antioxidant activity of the respective extract were carried out. Gastroprotective activity was determined using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer assay while the mechanisms of gastroprotection were determined using the pyloric ligation assay. The test solutions [8% Tween-80 (vehicle), 20 mg/kg omeprazole, and different doses of extracts (50, 250, or 500 mg/kg] were administered orally once daily for 7 consecutive days before the animals were subjected to ethanol induced gastric ulcers.
The chloroform-extracted M. calabura (CEMC) contains tannins, polyphenolics, triterpenes, and steroids while the chloroform-extracted M. malabathricum (CEMM) contains only triterpenes and steroids. CEMC, but not CEMM, exerted remarkably strong antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- (86% versus 16%) and superoxide- (73% versus 36%) radical scavenging assays. Both extracts demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) gastroprotection with the EC50 value recorded at 192.3 or 297.7 mg/kg, respectively. In the pylorus ligation assay, CEMC and CEMM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the total and free acidity and volume; while increased the pH of gastric juice as well as the gastric wall mucus content in comparison with the vehicle-treated group.
CEMC and CEMM exert gastroprotective effects in animals with ethanol-induced gastric ulcers via antioxidant and anti-secretory effects.
巴拉圭紫金牛（野牡丹科）和毛稔（野牡丹科）传统上用于治疗胃溃疡。
本研究使用多种体外和体内试验确定从这两种植物叶片中提取的氯仿提取物的胃保护活性机制。
对各自提取物进行植物化学筛选、高效液相色谱分析和抗氧化活性测定。使用乙醇诱导的胃溃疡试验测定胃保护活性，同时使用幽门结扎试验确定胃保护机制。在动物接受乙醇诱导的胃溃疡之前，连续7天每天口服一次测试溶液[8%吐温-80（赋形剂）、20mg/kg奥美拉唑和不同剂量的提取物（50、250或500mg/kg）]。
氯仿提取的巴拉圭紫金牛（CEMC）含有单宁、多酚、三萜和甾体，而氯仿提取的毛稔（CEMM）仅含有三萜和甾体。在2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）（86%对16%）和超氧阴离子（73%对36%）自由基清除试验中，CEMC具有显著强的抗氧化活性，而CEMM没有。两种提取物均表现出显著（p<0.05）的胃保护作用，EC50值分别为192.3或297.7mg/kg。在幽门结扎试验中，与赋形剂处理组相比，CEMC和CEMM显著（p<0.05）降低了总酸度、游离酸度和胃液体积；同时提高了胃液pH值以及胃壁黏液含量。
CEMC和CEMM通过抗氧化和抗分泌作用对乙醇诱导的胃溃疡动物发挥胃保护作用。
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