Hillary Christopher J, Slovak Martin, McCarthy Avril, Hashim Hashim, Chapple Christopher R
a Department of Urology .
b NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative .
J Med Eng Technol. 2014;39(7):434-40. doi: 10.3109/03091902.2015.1088088.
Urinary incontinence, the leakage of urine, is a common condition, which can have a significant impact on a patient's quality-of-life. Incontinence may arise as a consequence of a weakness of the urinary sphincter or bladder dysfunction, usually over-activity. Incontinence therapies occupy a large proportion of the healthcare budget. As no single device to manage incontinence is appropriate for all situations, a diverse range of products are available on the market and the development of improved products based on fundamental designs has been slow. This review highlights some of the key issues of continence care and describes the current technology and recent developments involved in the diagnosis, assessment and treatment of incontinence, along with the strengths and limitations of these methods. These issues are imperative to address if improved technology is to be developed.
尿失禁，即尿液泄漏，是一种常见病症，会对患者的生活质量产生重大影响。尿失禁可能是由于尿道括约肌无力或膀胱功能障碍（通常是过度活动）所致。尿失禁治疗占据了医疗保健预算的很大一部分。由于没有一种单一的失禁管理设备适用于所有情况，市场上有各种各样的产品，而基于基本设计的改进产品的开发进展缓慢。本综述重点介绍了尿失禁护理的一些关键问题，并描述了尿失禁诊断、评估和治疗中涉及的当前技术和最新进展，以及这些方法的优缺点。如果要开发改进技术，这些问题必须得到解决。
