Tucker W Steven, Slone Stephen W
Dept of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR.
J Sport Rehabil. 2016 Aug;25(3):248-54. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2014-0329. Epub 2015 Oct 12.
Clinicians use various stretching techniques to prevent the onset of and treat glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit (GIRD). It is unknown which stretching technique is the most effective.
To investigate the acute effects of hold-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) with and without vibration therapy on internal rotation in individuals with GIRD.
2-within (stretch × time) comparison with repeated measures.
Controlled laboratory.
11 male current and former overhead athletes (19.8 ± 1.4 y, 184.5 ± 4.5 cm, 91.8 ± 11.6 kg) who presented with GIRD.
At 3 separate sessions, participants performed 1 of 3 randomly assigned stretches: hold-relax PNF (PNF), hold-relax PNF in combination with a whole-body-vibration unit set at 30 Hz (PNF-V), and static stretch (SS). Pretest and posttest maximum passive glenohumeral internal-rotation measurements were taken with a digital protractor.
The dependent variables were the mean glenohumeral internal-rotation measurements taken at the pretest and posttest. The influence of stretch (PNF, PNF-V, and SS) and time (pretest and posttest) on mean glenohumeral internal rotation was compared using a 3 × 2 factorial ANOVA with repeated measures on both variables (P ≤ .05).
There was a stretch-by-time interaction (F2,20 = 34.697, P < .001). Post hoc testing revealed that the PNF posttest (73.0° ± 10.4°) was greater than the PNF pretest (60.0° ± 11.8°), the PNF-V posttest (74.7° ± 10.0°) was greater than the PNF-V pretest (57.4° ± 10.4°), and the SS posttest (67.0° ± 10.7°) was greater than the SS pretest (60.1° ± 9.4°). When comparing the posttest values, the PNF-V posttest was greater than the SS posttest.
All 3 stretches (PNF, PNF-V, and SS) resulted in acute increases in glenohumeral internal rotation in individuals presenting with GIRD. The PNF-V stretch resulted in the greatest increase and would be the most clinically beneficial for patients with GIRD.
临床医生使用多种拉伸技术来预防和治疗盂肱关节内旋不足（GIRD）。目前尚不清楚哪种拉伸技术最有效。
探讨有无振动疗法的保持-放松本体感觉神经肌肉促进法（PNF）对GIRD患者内旋的急性影响。
采用重复测量的2×2（拉伸×时间）比较。
受控实验室。
11名患有GIRD的男性现役和退役过头运动运动员（19.8±1.4岁，184.5±4.5厘米，91.8±11.6千克）。
在3个独立的疗程中，参与者进行3种随机分配的拉伸中的1种：保持-放松PNF（PNF）、结合设置为30赫兹的全身振动装置的保持-放松PNF（PNF-V）和静态拉伸（SS）。使用数字量角器进行测试前和测试后最大被动盂肱关节内旋测量。
因变量是测试前和测试后进行的平均盂肱关节内旋测量。使用3×2析因方差分析比较拉伸（PNF、PNF-V和SS）和时间（测试前和测试后）对平均盂肱关节内旋的影响，对两个变量进行重复测量（P≤0.05）。
存在拉伸×时间交互作用（F2,20 = 34.697，P < 0.001）。事后检验显示，PNF测试后（73.0°±10.4°）大于PNF测试前（60.0°±11.8°），PNF-V测试后（74.7°±10.0°）大于PNF-V测试前（57.4°±10.4°），SS测试后（67.0°±10.7°）大于SS测试前（60.1°±9.4°）。比较测试后的值时，PNF-V测试后大于SS测试后。
所有3种拉伸（PNF、PNF-V和SS）均导致GIRD患者盂肱关节内旋急性增加。PNF-V拉伸导致的增加最大，对GIRD患者在临床上最有益。
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