a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang , P.R. China.
b Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , P.R. China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Jul 29;56 Suppl 1:S60-84. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1069255.
In recent decades, the polysaccharides from the medicinal plants have attracted a lot of attention due to their significant bioactivities, such as anti-tumor activity, antioxidant activity, anticoagulant activity, antidiabetic activity, radioprotection effect, anti-viral activity, hypolipidemic and immunomodulatory activities, which make them suitable for medicinal applications. Previous studies have also shown that medicinal plant polysaccharides are non-toxic and show no side effects. Based on these encouraging observations, most researches have been focusing on the isolation and identification of polysaccharides, as well as their bioactivities. A large number of bioactive polysaccharides with different structural features and biological effects from medicinal plants have been purified and characterized. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most recent developments in physiochemical, structural features and biological activities of bioactive polysaccharides from a number of important medicinal plants, such as polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus, Dendrobium plants, Bupleurum, Cactus fruits, Acanthopanax senticosus, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Aloe barbadensis Miller, and Dimocarpus longan Lour. Moreover, the paper has also been focused on the applications of bioactive polysaccharides for medicinal applications. Recent studies have provided evidence that polysaccharides from medicinal plants can play a vital role in bioactivities. The contents and data will serve as a useful reference material for further investigation, production, and application of these polysaccharides in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
近几十年来，药用植物中的多糖因其显著的生物活性而受到广泛关注，如抗肿瘤活性、抗氧化活性、抗凝活性、抗糖尿病活性、放射保护作用、抗病毒活性、降血脂和免疫调节活性等，使其适用于药用。先前的研究还表明，药用植物多糖无毒，无副作用。基于这些令人鼓舞的观察结果，大多数研究都集中在多糖的分离和鉴定及其生物活性上。从许多重要的药用植物中已经分离和鉴定出了大量具有不同结构特征和生物效应的生物活性多糖。本文综述了近年来从黄芪、石斛、柴胡、仙人掌果实、刺五加、当归、库拉索芦荟和龙眼等一些重要药用植物中生物活性多糖的理化性质、结构特征和生物活性的最新进展。此外，本文还集中讨论了生物活性多糖在药用方面的应用。最近的研究提供了证据，证明药用植物中的多糖在生物活性中起着至关重要的作用。这些内容和数据将为进一步研究、生产和应用这些多糖作为功能性食品和治疗剂提供有价值的参考资料。
