Foschi Martha, Valenzuela Jerilee
Department of Sociology, 6303 N.W. Marine Drive, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T1Z1, Canada.
Department of Sociology, 6303 N.W. Marine Drive, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T1Z1, Canada.
Soc Sci Res. 2015 Nov;54:195-208. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.07.001. Epub 2015 Jul 31.
We use an application-files experimental design to investigate a new topic in the assessment of candidates for junior-engineering jobs. Our focus is on two semi-finalists, a man and a woman, who show clearly different but still good levels of academic record. We keep the gap between those levels constant, but vary the sex category of the better performer. We also include control conditions in which the two have similar records. Each assessor's task was to choose either one applicant or neither, and to rate both in competence and suitability. The control-group competence ratings indicate no gender bias by either men or women; the experimental-conditions competence data are consistent with the candidates' records as predicted, but also show women minimizing the record of the better-performing male candidate. Choice and suitability, on the other hand, reveal a preference for the female applicant across respondents and conditions, as anticipated given the more open nature of those two questions, while still reflecting the academic records. Findings and their interpretation are presented in detail.
我们采用应用文件实验设计来研究初级工程工作候选人评估中的一个新课题。我们关注的是两名进入半决赛的选手，一名男性和一名女性，他们的学术记录水平明显不同但都很好。我们保持这些水平之间的差距不变，但改变表现较好者的性别类别。我们还纳入了两人记录相似的控制条件。每位评估者的任务是选择一名申请人或不选任何人，并对两人的能力和适合度进行评分。对照组的能力评分表明男性和女性都不存在性别偏见；实验条件下的能力数据与预测的候选人记录一致，但也显示女性会压低表现较好的男性候选人的记录。另一方面，选择和适合度显示，在所有受访者和条件下都更倾向于女性申请人，鉴于这两个问题性质更开放，这正如预期的那样，同时仍反映了学术记录。详细介绍了研究结果及其解释。
