Ganjuri Mostafa, Moshtaghian Jamal, Ghaedi Kamran
Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
Cell J. 2015 Fall;17(3):489-93. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2015.23. Epub 2015 Oct 7.
Nanotechnology focuses on materials having at least one dimension of less than 100 nanometers. Nanomaterials such as Nanosilver (NS) have unique physical and chemical properties such as size, shape, surface charge. NS particles are thought to in- duce neuronal degeneration and necrosis in the brain. It has been reported that NS parti- cles generate free radicals and oxidative stress which alters gene expression and induces apoptosis. This study was designed to evaluate whether the detrimental effect of NS parti- cles is through the activation of Procaspase-3 during fetal neural development.
In this experimental study, thirty Wistar female rats at day one of pregnancy were semi-randomly distributed into three groups of ten. Group 1, the control group, had no treatment. From day 1 to the end of pregnancy, groups 2 and 3 received 1 and 10 ppm NS respectively via drinking water. Newborn rats were sacrificed immediately after birth and their brains were dissected and kept frozen. Total RNA, extracted from brain homogenates, was reverse transcribed to cDNA. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was undertaken to estimate the expression level of Procaspase-3.
Developmental exposure to NS induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis. This corre- lated with a significant increase in Procaspase-3 expression level especially at 10 ppm NS.
The pro-apoptotic activity of NS in cells is likely to due to the dysregula- tion of Procaspase-3.
纳米技术聚焦于至少有一维尺寸小于100纳米的材料。诸如纳米银（NS）之类的纳米材料具有独特的物理和化学性质，如尺寸、形状、表面电荷。据认为，NS颗粒会导致大脑中的神经元退化和坏死。据报道，NS颗粒会产生自由基和氧化应激，从而改变基因表达并诱导细胞凋亡。本研究旨在评估NS颗粒在胎儿神经发育过程中对细胞凋亡蛋白酶-3（Procaspase-3）的激活是否是其产生有害影响的原因。
在本实验研究中，30只妊娠第1天的Wistar雌性大鼠被半随机分为三组，每组10只。第1组为对照组，不进行处理。从第1天到妊娠结束，第2组和第3组分别通过饮用水给予1 ppm和10 ppm的NS。新生大鼠出生后立即处死，解剖其大脑并冷冻保存。从脑匀浆中提取总RNA，并逆转录为cDNA。采用定量实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析来估计Procaspase-3的表达水平。
发育过程中暴露于NS会诱导神经毒性和细胞凋亡。这与Procaspase-3表达水平的显著增加相关，尤其是在10 ppm NS处理组。
NS在细胞中的促凋亡活性可能是由于Procaspase-3的失调所致。
