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带有曲线和拐角的壁面上的水流压力。

Swim pressure on walls with curves and corners.

作者信息

Smallenburg Frank, Löwen Hartmut

机构信息

Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

出版信息

Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2015 Sep;92(3):032304. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.92.032304. Epub 2015 Sep 8.

Abstract

The concept of swim pressure quantifies the average force exerted by microswimmers on confining walls in nonequilibrium. Here we explore how the swim pressure depends on the wall curvature and on the presence of sharp corners in the wall. For active Brownian particles at high dilution, we present a coherent framework which describes the force and torque on passive particles of arbitrary shape, in the limit of large particles compared to the persistence length of the swimmer trajectories. The resulting forces can be used to derive, for example, the activity-induced depletion interaction between two disks, as well as to optimize the shape of a tracer particle for high swimming velocity. Our predictions are verifiable in experiments on passive obstacles exposed to a bath of bacteria or artificial microswimmers.

摘要

游动压力的概念量化了微游动者在非平衡状态下对限制壁施加的平均力。在此,我们探究游动压力如何依赖于壁的曲率以及壁中尖角的存在。对于高稀释度下的活性布朗粒子,我们提出了一个连贯的框架,该框架描述了在粒子尺寸远大于游动者轨迹持久长度的极限情况下,任意形状的被动粒子所受的力和扭矩。由此产生的力可用于推导例如两个圆盘之间的活性诱导耗尽相互作用,以及优化用于高游动速度的示踪粒子的形状。我们的预测在针对暴露于细菌浴或人工微游动者中的被动障碍物的实验中是可验证的。

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