Upchurch Dawn M, Rainisch Bethany Wexler
Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
Department of Health Sciences, California State University, 18111 Nordoff Street, Northridge, CA, 91330, USA.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Oct 15;15:362. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0886-y.
This study developed and tested a sociobehavioral wellness model of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to differentiate predisposing factors, enabling resources, need, and personal health practices according to use for wellness, for combined wellness and treatment, or for treatment alone.
Data were from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of 23,393 adult Americans. This analysis included people who used at least one CAM modality in the past 12 months (n = 7003 adult users). Prevalence estimates and multinomial logistic regression results were weighted and adjusted for complex sample design.
Overall, 86 % of CAM users reported reason for use as wellness (51 %) or wellness combined with treatment (35 %). White women had the lowest (48 %) and Asian men (66 %) had the highest wellness use. Compared to treatment only users, wellness users were significantly more likely to be older, more educated, in better health, and engaged in multiple healthy behaviors. There was support that those with health conditions were using methods for both treatment and to maintain health.
The findings underscore the central role of CAM in health self-management and wellness lifestyle. At a time of national health care reform highlighting the importance of health and wellness and employers turning to wellness programs to improve worker performance and well-being, these findings suggest a central role of CAM in those public health endeavors.
本研究开发并测试了一种补充和替代医学（CAM）的社会行为健康模型，以根据其用于促进健康、促进健康与治疗相结合或仅用于治疗的用途，区分易患因素、促成资源、需求和个人健康行为。
数据来自2007年全国健康访谈调查（NHIS），这是一个对23393名美国成年人群体具有全国代表性的横断面样本。该分析纳入了在过去12个月内使用过至少一种补充和替代医学模式的人群（n = 7003名成年使用者）。患病率估计值和多项逻辑回归结果针对复杂样本设计进行了加权和调整。
总体而言，86%的补充和替代医学使用者表示使用的原因是促进健康（51%）或促进健康与治疗相结合（35%）。白人女性促进健康的使用率最低（48%），而亚洲男性最高（66%）。与仅使用补充和替代医学进行治疗的使用者相比，促进健康的使用者明显更有可能年龄较大、受教育程度较高、健康状况较好且参与多种健康行为。有证据表明，患有健康问题的人既使用补充和替代医学方法进行治疗，也用于维持健康。
研究结果强调了补充和替代医学在健康自我管理和健康生活方式中的核心作用。在国家医疗改革强调健康和保健的重要性，以及雇主转向健康计划以提高员工绩效和福祉之际，这些研究结果表明补充和替代医学在这些公共卫生努力中发挥着核心作用。
