Bashir Samina, Sharma Yadhu, Elahi Asif, Khan Farah
Inflamm Res. 2016 Jan;65(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00011-015-0874-1.
In the present review, we try to critically evaluate the two faces of the macrophages and their roles in relation to gene alteration in some inflammatory conditions. The pros- and cons of each type of macrophage in immunologic outcomes are discussed.
If ‘‘Diversity is the rule of nature’’, macrophages have proven to be its obedient followers. A cell type that was classically considered to be activated by Interferon-c, under the influence of T(H)-1 type of response and a well-accepted warrior of cellular immunity to the intracellular pathogens is not as simple as once considered. Past decade has revolutionized this notion with the advent of T(H)-2 influenced alternatively activated macrophages, now established as wound repairing and tissue regenerating.
Literature survey was done to present a detailed study on this macrophage dichotomy and its relevance to immune disorders via expression of some critical genes, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and SH2-containing inositol-50-phosphatase 1, highly implicated in a myriad of immunological emergencies like inflammation, insulin resistance, wound healing, cancer, etc.
The evaluation of macrophage dichotomy in these disorders may prove to be the first step towards the formulation of innovative therapeutic approaches.
在本综述中，我们试图批判性地评估巨噬细胞的两面性及其在某些炎症状态下与基因改变相关的作用。讨论了每种类型巨噬细胞在免疫结果中的利弊。
如果“多样性是自然法则”，那么巨噬细胞已证明是其忠实的追随者。一种传统上被认为由干扰素-γ激活、在T(H)-1型反应影响下且是公认的针对细胞内病原体的细胞免疫战士的细胞类型，并不像曾经认为的那么简单。过去十年随着受T(H)-2影响的替代性激活巨噬细胞的出现，彻底改变了这一观念，现在已确定其具有伤口修复和组织再生功能。
进行文献综述以详细研究这种巨噬细胞二分法及其通过一些关键基因（活化B细胞核因子κ轻链增强子、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体和含SH2结构域的肌醇-5'-磷酸酶1）的表达与免疫紊乱的相关性，这些基因与众多免疫紧急情况（如炎症、胰岛素抵抗、伤口愈合、癌症等）密切相关。
评估这些疾病中的巨噬细胞二分法可能是制定创新治疗方法的第一步。
