Hernandez Barbara Couden, Reibling Ellen T, Maddux Charles, Kahn Michael
1 Loma Linda University School of Medicine , Loma Linda, California.
2 George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2016 Mar;25(3):311-20. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2015.5216. Epub 2015 Oct 15.
Physicians play a significant role in screening for domestic violence. However, little information is available about the prevalence of physicians who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) or the implications for their clinical practice. National surveys indicate a potential prevalence of 16% for sexual abuse and 32% for abuse by an intimate partner. This extrapolates to more than 395,000 potential physician victims, the majority of which are women.
We conducted a systematic review of IPV and physician victims from 1990 to 2014 that included peer-reviewed journals, trade books, and dissertations that referenced physician victims.
We identified 17 publications; nine quantitative studies, four first-person accounts, one qualitative study, and a qualitative dissertation that included two physician subjects. Two case studies of victimized physicians were identified in trade books. Quantitative results noted that women reported higher prevalence for all experiences of violence [childhood exposure (6%-32%), adult IPV exposure (7%-24%)] than men (6%-10%).
This review highlights the need for improved understanding of physician experience with IPV, and development of physician-sensitive resources and treatment approaches. Contributions and limitations are provided for each publication. IPV exposure impacts clinical practice, including reticence to consistently screen patients. Lower reported prevalence may be related to extreme stigma among physicians that may prevent their reporting and help seeking, but more research is needed. We provide recommendations for clinical practice, education, and future research.
医生在家庭暴力筛查中发挥着重要作用。然而，关于经历亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的医生的患病率或其对临床实践的影响，目前所知甚少。全国性调查表明，性虐待的潜在患病率为16%，亲密伴侣虐待的潜在患病率为32%。据此推算，可能有超过39.5万名医生受害者，其中大多数是女性。
我们对1990年至2014年间关于IPV和医生受害者的文献进行了系统综述，包括同行评审期刊、专业书籍和引用医生受害者的学位论文。
我们共识别出17篇出版物；9项定量研究、4篇第一人称叙述、1项定性研究以及1篇包含两名医生受试者的定性学位论文。在专业书籍中发现了两个受害医生的案例研究。定量研究结果指出，女性报告的各类暴力经历（童年期受虐经历（6%-32%）、成年期亲密伴侣暴力经历（7%-24%））的患病率均高于男性（6%-10%）。
本综述强调了增进对医生亲密伴侣暴力经历的了解以及开发对医生敏感的资源和治疗方法的必要性。对每篇出版物的贡献和局限性都进行了说明。亲密伴侣暴力经历会影响临床实践，包括不愿持续筛查患者。报告的患病率较低可能与医生中存在的极端污名化有关，这可能会阻碍他们报告和寻求帮助，但还需要更多研究。我们为临床实践、教育和未来研究提供了建议。
