Kobiyama Kouji, Ishii Ken J
Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2015 Sep;42(9):1040-5.
Since the discovery of the human T cell-defined tumor antigen, the cancer immunotherapy field has rapidly progressed, with the research and development of cancer immunotherapy, including cancer vaccines, being conducted actively. However, the disadvantages of most cancer vaccines include relatively weak immunogenicity and immune escape or exhaustion. Adjuvants with innate immunostimulatory activities have been used to overcome these issues, and these agents have been shown to enhance the immunogenicity of cancer vaccines and to act as mono-therapeutic anti-tumor agents. CpG ODN, an agonist for TLR9, is one of the promising nucleic acid-based adjuvants, and it is a potent inducer of innate immune effector functions. CpG ODN suppresses tumor growth in the absence of tumor antigens and peptide administration. Therefore, CpG ODN is expected to be useful as a cancer vaccine adjuvant as well as a cancer immunotherapy agent. In this review, we discuss the potential therapeutic applications and mechanisms of CpG ODN for cancer immunotherapy.
自从发现人类T细胞定义的肿瘤抗原以来，癌症免疫治疗领域迅速发展，包括癌症疫苗在内的癌症免疫治疗的研发工作正在积极开展。然而，大多数癌症疫苗的缺点包括免疫原性相对较弱以及免疫逃逸或耗竭。具有先天免疫刺激活性的佐剂已被用于克服这些问题，并且这些药物已被证明可增强癌症疫苗的免疫原性，并可作为单药治疗抗肿瘤药物。TLR9激动剂CpG ODN是一种有前景的基于核酸的佐剂，它是先天免疫效应功能的有效诱导剂。在没有肿瘤抗原和肽给药的情况下，CpG ODN可抑制肿瘤生长。因此，CpG ODN有望用作癌症疫苗佐剂以及癌症免疫治疗药物。在本综述中，我们讨论了CpG ODN在癌症免疫治疗中的潜在治疗应用和机制。
