Mené P, Simonson M S, Dunn M J
Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
Am J Physiol. 1989 Mar;256(3 Pt 2):F375-86. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1989.256.3.F375.
Glomerular mesangial cells respond to a variety of hormones, cytokines, and autacoids with an immediate hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Phospholipid metabolites such as inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol serve as initiating signals for subsequent intracellular events, including release of intracellular Ca2+ stores, increased conductance of the plasma membrane to various ions, changes of intracellular pH, and protein phosphorylation. The resting functional responses, including cell contraction and proliferation, are in turn regulated by simultaneous release of bioactive lipids such as eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor, which recognize receptors on both intrinsic glomerular cells and circulating, blood-borne cells. Through this complex signaling network, phospholipid metabolism plays a central regulatory role in mesangial functions in physiological conditions as well as in inflammatory or metabolic derangements of the kidney glomerulus.
肾小球系膜细胞对多种激素、细胞因子和自分泌物质产生反应，会立即水解膜磷脂，包括磷脂酰肌醇、磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺。磷脂代谢产物如肌醇磷酸和二酰基甘油作为后续细胞内事件的起始信号，包括细胞内钙库的释放、质膜对各种离子的通透性增加、细胞内pH值的变化以及蛋白质磷酸化。静止时的功能反应，包括细胞收缩和增殖，反过来又受到生物活性脂质如类花生酸和血小板活化因子同时释放的调节，这些脂质可识别肾小球固有细胞和循环血源性细胞上的受体。通过这个复杂的信号网络，磷脂代谢在生理条件下以及肾小球的炎症或代谢紊乱中，对系膜功能起着核心调节作用。
