Fanti Kostas A, Kyranides Melina Nicole, Panayiotou Georgia
a Department of Psychology , University of Cyprus , Nicosia , Cyprus.
b Center for Applied Neuroscience , University of Cyprus , Nicosia , Cyprus.
Cogn Emot. 2017 Feb;31(2):209-224. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2015.1090958. Epub 2015 Oct 15.
The current study adds to prior research by investigating specific (happiness, sadness, surprise, disgust, anger and fear) and general (corrugator and zygomatic muscle activity) facial reactions to violent and comedy films among individuals with varying levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits and impulsive aggression (IA). Participants at differential risk of CU traits and IA were selected from a sample of 1225 young adults. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 82) facial expressions were recorded while they watched violent and comedy films. Video footage of participants' facial expressions was analysed using FaceReader, a facial coding software that classifies facial reactions. Findings suggested that individuals with elevated CU traits showed reduced facial reactions of sadness and disgust to violent films, indicating low empathic concern in response to victims' distress. In contrast, impulsive aggressors produced specifically more angry facial expressions when viewing violent and comedy films. In Experiment 2 (N = 86), facial reactions were measured by monitoring facial electromyography activity. FaceReader findings were verified by the reduced facial electromyography at the corrugator, but not the zygomatic, muscle in response to violent films shown by individuals high in CU traits. Additional analysis suggested that sympathy to victims explained the association between CU traits and reduced facial reactions to violent films.
本研究通过调查不同程度的冷酷无情（CU）特质和冲动攻击性（IA）个体对暴力和喜剧电影的特定（快乐、悲伤、惊讶、厌恶、愤怒和恐惧）及一般（皱眉肌和颧肌活动）面部反应，对先前的研究进行了补充。从1225名年轻人的样本中选取了具有不同CU特质和IA风险的参与者。在实验1中，82名参与者在观看暴力和喜剧电影时，其面部表情被记录下来。使用面部编码软件FaceReader对参与者面部表情的视频片段进行分析，该软件可对面部反应进行分类。研究结果表明，CU特质较高的个体对暴力电影的悲伤和厌恶面部反应减少，表明他们对受害者痛苦的移情关注较低。相比之下，冲动攻击者在观看暴力和喜剧电影时，会产生特别多的愤怒面部表情。在实验2（86名参与者）中，通过监测面部肌电图活动来测量面部反应。CU特质高的个体对暴力电影的反应是皱眉肌而非颧肌的面部肌电图活动减少，这验证了FaceReader的研究结果。进一步分析表明，对受害者的同情解释了CU特质与对暴力电影面部反应减少之间的关联。
