Ng Tze Pin, Jin Aizhen, Feng Liang, Nyunt Ma Shwe Zin, Chow Khuan Yew, Feng Lei, Fong Ngan Phoon
Department of Psychological Medicine, Gerontology Research Programme, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Psychological Medicine, Gerontology Research Programme, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 9th Floor, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
BMC Geriatr. 2015 Oct 15;15:126. doi: 10.1186/s12877-015-0128-7.
We investigated the association of living alone with mortality among older persons, independently of marital, health and other factors, and explored its effect modification by age group, sex, marital status and physical functional disability.
Using data from 8 years of mortality follow up (1 September 2003 to 31 December 2011) of 2553 participants in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies (SLAS) cohort, we estimated hazard ratio (HR) of mortality associated with living alone using Cox proportional hazard models.
At baseline, 7.4 % (N = 189) of the participants were living alone, and 227 (8.9 %) died during the follow up period. Living alone was significantly associated with mortality 1.66 (95 % CI, 1.05-2.63), controlling for health status (hypertension, diabetes, chronic lung disease, stroke, heart disease, kidney failure, IADL-ADL disability and depressive symptoms), marital status and other variables (age, sex, housing type). Possible substantive effect modification by sex (p for interaction = 0.106) and marital status (p for interaction <0.115) were observed: higher among men (HR = 2.36, 95 % CI, 1.24-4.49) than women (HR = 1.14, 95 % CI, 0.58-2.22), and among single, divorce or widowed (HR = 2.26, 95 % CI, 1.24-4.10) than married individuals (HR = 0.83, 95 % CI, 0.30-2.31).
Living alone was associated with increased mortality, independently of marital, health and other variables. The impact of living alone on mortality appeared to be stronger among men and those who were single, divorced or married.
我们研究了老年人独居与死亡率之间的关联，排除了婚姻、健康及其他因素的影响，并探讨了年龄组、性别、婚姻状况和身体功能残疾对这种关联的效应修正作用。
利用新加坡纵向老龄化研究（SLAS）队列中2553名参与者8年死亡率随访（2003年9月1日至2011年12月31日）的数据，我们使用Cox比例风险模型估计了独居与死亡率相关的风险比（HR）。
在基线时，7.4%（N = 189）的参与者独居，227人（8.9%）在随访期间死亡。在控制健康状况（高血压、糖尿病、慢性肺病、中风、心脏病、肾衰竭、工具性日常生活活动能力-日常生活活动能力残疾和抑郁症状）、婚姻状况及其他变量（年龄、性别、住房类型）后，独居与死亡率显著相关，HR为1.66（95%CI，1.05 - 2.63）。观察到性别（交互作用p = 0.106）和婚姻状况（交互作用p < 0.115）可能存在实质性效应修正：男性（HR = 2.36，95%CI，1.24 - 4.49）高于女性（HR = 1.14，95%CI，0.58 - 2.22），单身、离婚或丧偶者（HR = 2.26，95%CI，1.24 - 4.10）高于已婚者（HR = 0.83，95%CI，0.30 - 2.31）。
独居与死亡率增加相关，独立于婚姻、健康及其他变量。独居对死亡率的影响在男性以及单身、离婚或丧偶者中似乎更强。
