Champney Thomas H
Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
Clin Anat. 2016 Jan;29(1):25-9. doi: 10.1002/ca.22643. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
Human cadavers are a scarce resource that have educational, research and clinical value. While the tissues have great value, it is illegal in many countries to pay for them. In the United States, a number of for-profit body acquisition companies have been established over the past decade. These companies obtain bodies which were freely donated by the individuals or their families. The companies distribute the specimens to surgical training organizations, researchers and educational institutions. These businesses do not charge the receiving organizations for the bodies; they do, however, charge a fee that covers the transport, handling and other services which creates a profit for their companies. These types of businesses are described and analyzed as to whether they constitute an ethically appropriate mechanism to obtain and distribute bodies. The role of organizations and governments in establishing policies and regulations for the appropriate treatment of human remains is addressed. Recommendations are given for best practices in the ethical use and regulation of willed bodies.
人体尸体是一种稀缺资源，具有教育、研究和临床价值。虽然这些组织有很大价值，但在许多国家，为获取它们而付费是违法的。在美国，过去十年间成立了一些营利性尸体收购公司。这些公司获取由个人或其家属自愿捐赠的尸体。公司将标本分发给外科培训组织、研究人员和教育机构。这些企业不会向接收组织收取尸体费用；然而，它们会收取一笔涵盖运输、处理和其他服务的费用，从而为公司创造利润。本文对这类企业是否构成获取和分发尸体的道德合适机制进行了描述和分析。探讨了组织和政府在制定有关妥善处理人类遗体的政策和法规方面的作用。针对遗嘱捐赠尸体的道德使用和监管的最佳做法给出了建议。
