Cell and Developmental Biology Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Cell and Developmental Biology Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
Trends Cell Biol. 2016 Feb;26(2):80-87. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.09.001. Epub 2015 Oct 16.
In mitosis the cell assembles the bipolar spindle, a microtubule (MT)-based apparatus that segregates the duplicated chromosomes into two daughter cells. Most animal cells enter mitosis with duplicated centrosomes that provide an active source of dynamic MTs. However, it is now established that spindle assembly relies on the nucleation of acentrosomal MTs occurring around the chromosomes after nuclear envelope breakdown, and on pre-existing microtubules. Where chromosome-dependent MT nucleation occurs, when MT amplification takes place and how the two pathways function are still key questions that generate some controversies. We reconcile the data and present an integrated model accounting for acentrosomal microtubule assembly in the dividing cell.
在有丝分裂中，细胞组装成双极纺锤体，这是一种基于微管（MT）的装置，将复制的染色体分离到两个子细胞中。大多数动物细胞进入有丝分裂时，中心体是提供活跃的动态 MT 的来源。然而，现在已经确定，纺锤体的组装依赖于核膜破裂后围绕染色体发生的无中心体微管的成核，以及预先存在的微管。在发生染色体依赖性 MT 成核的地方，当 MT 扩增发生时，以及这两种途径如何发挥作用，仍然是产生一些争议的关键问题。我们整合了数据，并提出了一个整合模型，解释了分裂细胞中无中心体微管的组装。
