Odibo Imelda N, Bird T Mac, McKelvey Samantha S, Sandlin Adam, Lowery Curtis, Magann E F
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2016 Jan;30(1):67-75. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12250. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
There is a growing body of research documenting an increased risk of neonatal morbidity for late preterm infants (LPI, 34(0/7) weeks to 36(6/7) weeks) and early term infants (ETI, 37(0/7) weeks to 38(6/7) weeks) compared with term infants (TI, 39(0/7) to 41(6/7) ); however, there has been little research on outcomes beyond the first year of life. In this study, we examined respiratory outcomes of LPI and ETI in early childhood.
South Carolina Medicaid claims data for maternal delivery and infant birth hospitalisations were linked to vital records data for the years 2000 through 2003. Medicaid claims for all infants were then followed until their fifth birthday or until a break in their eligibility. Infants born between 34(0/7) and 41(6/7) weeks were eligible. Infants with congenital anomaly, birthweight below 500 g or above 6000 g, and multiple births were excluded. We fit Cox proportional hazard models from which adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived.
A total of 3476 LPI, 12 398 ETI, and 25 975 term infants were included. Both LPI and ETI were associated with an increased risk for asthma (LPI: HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.10, 1.40; ETI: HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06, 1.19), and bronchitis (LPI: HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00, 1.34; ETI: HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.05, 1.2) at 3 to 5 years of age.
Late preterm infants and early term infants are at increased risk for asthma and bronchitis.
越来越多的研究表明，与足月儿（TI，39(0/7)至41(6/7)周）相比，晚期早产儿（LPI，34(0/7)周至36(6/7)周）和早期足月儿（ETI，37(0/7)周至38(6/7)周）发生新生儿发病的风险增加；然而，关于一岁以后的结局研究较少。在本研究中，我们调查了幼儿期LPI和ETI的呼吸结局。
将南卡罗来纳州医疗补助计划中产妇分娩和婴儿出生住院的数据与2000年至2003年的生命记录数据相链接。然后对所有婴儿的医疗补助申请进行跟踪，直至其五岁生日或资格中断。孕周在34(0/7)至41(6/7)周之间的婴儿符合条件。排除患有先天性异常、出生体重低于500g或高于6000g以及多胞胎的婴儿。我们拟合了Cox比例风险模型，并从中得出调整后的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
共纳入3476例晚期早产儿、12398例早期足月儿和25975例足月儿。晚期早产儿和早期足月儿在3至5岁时患哮喘（晚期早产儿：HR 1.24，95% CI 1.10，1.40；早期足月儿：HR 1.12，95% CI 1.06，1.19）和支气管炎（晚期早产儿：HR 1.15，95% CI 1.00，1.34；早期足月儿：HR 1.13，95% CI 1.05，1.2）的风险均增加。
晚期早产儿和早期足月儿患哮喘和支气管炎的风险增加。
