Muramatsu K, Meyer J S, Obara K, Shirai T
Cerebrovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 1995;5(3):129-38. doi: 10.1016/S1052-3057(10)80164-8. Epub 2010 Jun 10.
Cerebral atrophy, tissue densities, and local perfusions were measured prospectively utilizing computed tomography among 19 cognitively intact stroke patients and 24 age-matched cognitively and neurologically normal controls. Mean follow-up intervals were 27.0 months for stroke patients and 31.0 months for controls. Stroke patients were treated by controlling risk factors and antiplatelet drugs. Cognitive testing remained normal among patients and controls. Among stroke patients, annual rates for cerebral atrophic indices were +3.4%, for ventricular enlargement +6.9%, for subarachnoid space enlargement +0.1%, and for cortical atrophy -2.5%. Annual reductions in cerebral perfusion, per 100 g brain/min, for cortex were total, -2.3 ml; frontal -3.8 ml; temporal, -2.4 ml; occipital, 2.0 ml; basal ganglia, -2.3 ml; and thalamus -3.8 ml. Annual decreases in local Hounsfield unit (LHU) densities for cortex were total, -0.6 HU; frontal, -0.8 HU; and temporal, -0.4 HU. Among controls, annual rates for cortical atrophy were -1.0% and for declines in cerebral perfusion were -0.7 ml for total cortex, and -1.4 ml for temporal cortex. Annual decreases in HU densities were total cortex, -0.6 HU; frontal, -0.9 HU; and temporal -0.4 HU. Among cognitively intact stroke patients, annual rates for cerebral atrophy and reductions in cerebral cortical perfusion were accelerated by more than three times those seen among agematched controls but were significantly less than similar measures among stroke patients with dementia.
对19名认知功能正常的中风患者和24名年龄匹配、认知和神经功能正常的对照者，采用计算机断层扫描前瞻性地测量脑萎缩、组织密度和局部灌注。中风患者的平均随访时间为27.0个月，对照者为31.0个月。中风患者接受了控制危险因素和使用抗血小板药物的治疗。患者和对照者的认知测试均保持正常。在中风患者中，脑萎缩指数的年增长率为+3.4%，脑室扩大为+6.9%，蛛网膜下腔扩大为+0.1%，皮质萎缩为-2.5%。每100 g脑每分钟皮质脑灌注的年减少量为：总计-2.3 ml；额叶-3.8 ml；颞叶-2.4 ml；枕叶2.0 ml；基底节-2.3 ml；丘脑-3.8 ml。皮质局部亨氏单位（LHU）密度的年减少量为：总计-0.6 HU；额叶-0.8 HU；颞叶-0.4 HU。在对照者中，皮质萎缩的年发生率为-1.0%，全皮质脑灌注下降为-0.7 ml，颞叶皮质为-1.4 ml。HU密度的年减少量为：全皮质-0.6 HU；额叶-0.9 HU；颞叶-0.4 HU。在认知功能正常的中风患者中，脑萎缩和脑皮质灌注减少的年发生率比年龄匹配的对照者快三倍以上，但明显低于痴呆中风患者的类似指标。
