Oulas Anastasis, Polymenakou Paraskevi N, Seshadri Rekha, Tripp H James, Mandalakis Manolis, Paez-Espino A David, Pati Amrita, Chain Patrick, Nomikou Paraskevi, Carey Steven, Kilias Stephanos, Christakis Christos, Kotoulas Georgios, Magoulas Antonios, Ivanova Natalia N, Kyrpides Nikos C
Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Gournes Pediados, P.O. Box 2214, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece.
Department of Energy, Microbial Genome and Metagenome Program, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2016 Apr;18(4):1122-36. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13095. Epub 2015 Dec 21.
Hydrothermal vents represent a deep, hot, aphotic biosphere where chemosynthetic primary producers, fuelled by chemicals from Earth's subsurface, form the basis of life. In this study, we examined microbial mats from two distinct volcanic sites within the Hellenic Volcanic Arc (HVA). The HVA is geologically and ecologically unique, with reported emissions of CO2 -saturated fluids at temperatures up to 220°C and a notable absence of macrofauna. Metagenomic data reveals highly complex prokaryotic communities composed of chemolithoautotrophs, some methanotrophs, and to our surprise, heterotrophs capable of anaerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. Our data suggest that aromatic hydrocarbons may indeed be a significant source of carbon in these sites, and instigate additional research into the nature and origin of these compounds in the HVA. Novel physiology was assigned to several uncultured prokaryotic lineages; most notably, a SAR406 representative is attributed with a role in anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation. This dataset, the largest to date from submarine volcanic ecosystems, constitutes a significant resource of novel genes and pathways with potential biotechnological applications.
热液喷口代表着一个深邃、高温、无光的生物圈，在这里，由地球地下化学物质提供能量的化能合成初级生产者构成了生命的基础。在本研究中，我们检测了来自希腊火山弧（HVA）内两个不同火山地点的微生物垫。HVA在地质和生态方面独具特色，据报道其排放出温度高达220°C的二氧化碳饱和流体，且明显没有大型动物。宏基因组数据揭示了由化能无机自养菌、一些甲烷营养菌以及令我们惊讶的能够厌氧降解芳香烃的异养菌组成的高度复杂的原核生物群落。我们的数据表明，芳香烃在这些地点可能确实是重要的碳源，并促使对HVA中这些化合物的性质和来源进行更多研究。几种未培养的原核生物谱系具有新的生理功能；最值得注意的是，一个SAR406代表被认为在厌氧烃降解中发挥作用。这个数据集是迄今为止来自海底火山生态系统的最大数据集，构成了具有潜在生物技术应用的新基因和新途径的重要资源。
