Harris E F, Rathbun T A
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1989 Mar;78(3):411-20. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330780309.
Sub-Saharan African (and derived) populations typically exhibit larger mean tooth crown diameters than whites in spite of considerable population variability. We report on a 19th century series of American black slaves from a single cemetery near Charleston, South Carolina, that possessed notably smaller crown sizes. Analysis identifies a characteristic set of differences compared to caucasians, including retention of large maxillary lateral incisors and disproportionately large premolars and molars. Regression of principal components scores (derived from the mesiodistal diameters) on the sum of all diameters (used here as a measure of overall tooth mass) confirms a basic ethnic difference between black and white odontometrics: significantly more of the tooth mass is apportioned to the cheek teeth (premolars, molars) in blacks than whites. The difference (expressed as residuals from linear regression on tooth mass) holds for the several groups assessed here despite considerable intergroup variability in tooth sizes. Potential explanations for the notably small diameters of this plantation series are speculative, but may involve kin-based divergences and/or reflect the natural intergroup differences extant in the African slave sources.
尽管撒哈拉以南非洲（及衍生）人群存在相当大的个体差异，但他们的平均牙冠直径通常比白人更大。我们报告了一系列来自南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿附近一个单一墓地的19世纪美国黑奴，他们的牙冠尺寸明显较小。分析确定了与高加索人相比的一组特征性差异，包括上颌侧切牙较大以及前磨牙和磨牙不成比例地大。主成分得分（源自近远中直径）对所有直径之和（在此用作总体牙齿质量的度量）的回归证实了黑人和白人牙齿测量学之间的基本种族差异：黑人比白人将更多的牙齿质量分配到颊侧牙齿（前磨牙、磨牙）。尽管这里评估的几个群体在牙齿大小上存在相当大的组间差异，但该差异（表示为牙齿质量线性回归的残差）仍然存在。对于这个种植园系列牙齿直径明显较小的潜在解释具有推测性，但可能涉及基于亲属关系的差异和/或反映了非洲奴隶来源中存在的自然组间差异。
