Jacobi K P, Cook D C, Corruccini R S, Handler J S
Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1992 Oct;89(2):145-58. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330890203.
Hutchinson's incisors and Moon's molars are specific lesions of congenital syphilis. The extensive but fragmentary clinical literature on these conditions describes reduced dimensions and thin enamel in the permanent incisors and first molars, crowding and infolding of the first molar cusps, notching of the upper incisors, and apical hypoplasias of the permanent canines. A Barbados slave cemetery (ca. 1660-1820 AD) includes three individuals with these features, suggesting a frequency at birth of congenital syphilis in the population approaching 10%. These three cases show triple the frequency of all hypoplasias and more than seven times the frequency of pitting hypoplasia present in the remainder of the series. The recognizable congenital syphilis cases account for much of the remarkably high frequency of hypoplasias in the series as a whole. We infer that syphilis contributed substantially to morbidity, infant mortality, and infertility in this population. Presence or absence of congenital syphilis may account for much of the variability in health and mortality seen among nineteenth century African-American populations.
哈钦森氏切牙和穆恩氏磨牙是先天性梅毒的特异性损害。关于这些病症的临床文献丰富但零散，描述了恒牙切牙和第一磨牙尺寸减小、牙釉质变薄、第一磨牙牙尖拥挤和折叠、上切牙切迹以及恒尖牙根尖发育不全。一个巴巴多斯奴隶墓地（公元1660 - 1820年）中有三名个体具有这些特征，这表明该人群中先天性梅毒的出生频率接近10%。这三例的所有发育不全频率是系列中其余病例的三倍，点状发育不全频率是其余病例的七倍多。在整个系列中，可识别的先天性梅毒病例占发育不全高频率的很大一部分。我们推断梅毒在很大程度上导致了该人群的发病率、婴儿死亡率和不育症。先天性梅毒的有无可能是19世纪非裔美国人群体中健康和死亡率差异的主要原因。
