Morrissey Colm, Vessella Robert L, Lange Paul H, Lam Hung-Ming
Department of Urology, University of Washington, 1959 Pacific Street NE, Box 356510, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.
J Mol Med (Berl). 2016 Mar;94(3):259-65. doi: 10.1007/s00109-015-1353-4. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) are detected early in the disease process in prostate cancer (PCa) patients and can persist after radical prostatectomy. DTCs can remain dormant in patients with no evidence of disease for a prolonged period of time only to recur 10 or more years later. Recent advances in single-cell genomics and transcriptomics have provided much needed insight into DTC biology and cancer dormancy in patients. With the development of new in vitro and preclinical models, researchers recapitulate the clinical events in patients and therefore allow further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer dormancy and escape. In this review, we explore novel ideas on the detection, heterogeneous transcriptomic profiles, molecular and cellular mechanisms of dormancy, and potential mechanisms underlying dormancy escape by DTCs. As such, there is hope that identifying and targeting novel dormancy-associated pathways in patients with residual disease will have significant clinical implications for the treatment of PCa patients in the future.
在前列腺癌（PCa）患者的疾病进程早期即可检测到播散肿瘤细胞（DTCs），且这些细胞在根治性前列腺切除术后仍可存活。DTCs可在无疾病证据的患者体内长期处于休眠状态，直至10年或更长时间后复发。单细胞基因组学和转录组学的最新进展为深入了解患者体内的DTC生物学特性和癌症休眠提供了急需的见解。随着新的体外和临床前模型的发展，研究人员能够重现患者的临床事件，从而进一步阐明癌症休眠和逃逸的分子机制。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了有关DTCs检测、异质转录组谱、休眠的分子和细胞机制以及休眠逃逸潜在机制的新观点。因此，有望通过识别和靶向残留疾病患者中与休眠相关的新途径，为未来PCa患者的治疗带来重大临床意义。
