单脱氨酶结构域载脂蛋白B mRNA编辑酶催化多肽样蛋白3A（APOBEC3A）在病毒限制、逆转座、DNA损伤和癌症中的作用
Role of the single deaminase domain APOBEC3A in virus restriction, retrotransposition, DNA damage and cancer.
作者信息
Wang Yaqiong, Schmitt Kimberly, Guo Kejun, Santiago Mario L, Stephens Edward B
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado Denver Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
出版信息
J Gen Virol. 2016 Jan;97(1):1-17. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000320. Epub 2015 Oct 20.
The apolipoprotein mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3; A3) proteins are a family of seven cytidine deaminases (A3A, A3B, A3C, A3D, A3F, A3G and A3H) that restrict certain viral infections. These innate defence factors are best known for their ability to restrict the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) lacking a functional Vif protein (HIV-1Δvif) through the deamination of cytidine residues to uridines during reverse transcription, ultimately leading to lethal G → A changes in the viral genome. The best studied of the A3 proteins has been APOBEC3G because of its potent activity against HIV-1Δvif. However, one member of this family, A3A, has biological properties that make it unique among the A3 proteins. In this review, we will focus on the structural and phylogenetic features of the human and non-human primate A3A proteins, their role in the restriction of retroviruses and other viruses, and current findings on other biological properties affected by this protein.
载脂蛋白mRNA编辑酶催化多肽样3（APOBEC3；A3）蛋白是一个由七种胞苷脱氨酶（A3A、A3B、A3C、A3D、A3F、A3G和A3H）组成的家族，它们能限制某些病毒感染。这些先天防御因子最为人所知的是，它们能够在逆转录过程中将胞苷残基脱氨为尿苷，从而限制缺乏功能性Vif蛋白的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）的复制（HIV-1Δvif），最终导致病毒基因组中致命的G→A变化。由于其对HIV-1Δvif具有强大的活性，研究最多的A3蛋白是APOBEC3G。然而，这个家族的一个成员A3A具有一些生物学特性，使其在A3蛋白中独树一帜。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注人类和非人类灵长类动物A3A蛋白的结构和系统发育特征、它们在限制逆转录病毒和其他病毒方面的作用，以及目前关于受该蛋白影响的其他生物学特性的研究结果。
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