Li Jin-huan, Shou Jia, Wu Qiang
Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Center for Comparative Biomedicine, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Yi Chuan. 2015 Oct;37(10):992-1002. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.15-291.
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (Cas9) system from bacteria and archaea emerged recently as a new powerful technology of genome editing in virtually any organism. Due to its simplicity and cost effectiveness, a revolutionary change of genetics has occurred. Here, we summarize the recent development of DNA fragment editing methods by CRISPR/Cas9 and describe targeted DNA fragment deletions, inversions, duplications, insertions, and translocations. The efficient method of DNA fragment editing provides a powerful tool for studying gene function, regulatory elements, tissue development, and disease progression. Finally, we discuss the prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 system and the potential applications of other types of CRISPR system.
细菌和古生菌中的成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/CRISPR相关核酸酶9（Cas9）系统，最近成为一种几乎可用于任何生物体的新型强大基因组编辑技术。由于其简单性和成本效益，遗传学发生了革命性变化。在此，我们总结了CRISPR/Cas9介导的DNA片段编辑方法的最新进展，并描述了靶向DNA片段的缺失、倒位、重复、插入和易位。高效的DNA片段编辑方法为研究基因功能、调控元件、组织发育和疾病进展提供了强大工具。最后，我们讨论了CRISPR/Cas9系统的前景以及其他类型CRISPR系统的潜在应用。
