Shanks David R, Vadillo Miguel A, Riedel Benjamin, Clymo Ashley, Govind Sinita, Hickin Nisha, Tamman Amanda J F, Puhlmann Lara M C
Division of Psychology and Language Sciences.
Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, King's College London.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2015 Dec;144(6):e142-58. doi: 10.1037/xge0000116. Epub 2015 Oct 26.
Interventions aimed at influencing spending behavior and risk-taking have considerable practical importance. A number of studies motivated by the costly signaling theory within evolutionary psychology have reported that priming inductions (such as looking at pictures of attractive opposite sex members) designed to trigger mating motives increase males' stated willingness to purchase conspicuous consumption items and to engage in risk-taking behaviors, and reduce loss aversion. However, a meta-analysis of this literature reveals strong evidence of either publication bias or p-hacking (or both). We then report 8 studies with a total sample of over 1,600 participants which sought to reproduce these effects. None of the studies, including one that was fully preregistered, was successful. The results question the claim that romantic primes can influence risk-taking and other potentially harmful behaviors.
旨在影响消费行为和冒险行为的干预措施具有相当重要的实际意义。进化心理学中受代价信号理论启发的一些研究报告称，旨在引发交配动机的启动诱导（如观看有吸引力的异性成员照片）会增加男性购买炫耀性消费物品和参与冒险行为的既定意愿，并降低损失厌恶。然而，对这一文献的荟萃分析揭示了存在发表偏倚或p值操纵（或两者皆有）的有力证据。然后我们报告了8项研究，总样本超过1600名参与者，旨在重现这些效应。包括一项完全预先注册的研究在内，没有一项研究取得成功。这些结果对浪漫启动能影响冒险行为和其他潜在有害行为的说法提出了质疑。
