德米霍夫的“机械心脏”：1937年世界上首个可植入式全人工心脏诞生的相关情况。

Demikhov's "Mechanical Heart": The Circumstances Surrounding Creation of the World's First Implantable Total Artificial Heart in 1937.

作者信息

Glyantsev Sergey P, Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang, Bockeria Leo A

机构信息

From the *Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russia; and †Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.

出版信息

ASAIO J. 2016 Jan-Feb;62(1):106-9. doi: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000000301.

DOI:10.1097/MAT.0000000000000301

PMID:26501917

Abstract

The world's first implantable total artificial heart was designed by Vladimir Demikhov as a fourth year biology student in Voronezh, Soviet Union, in 1937. As a prototype of his device, Demikhov must have used an apparatus for extracorporeal blood circulation invented by Sergei Bryukhonenko of Moscow. The device was the size of a dog's native heart and consisted of two diaphragm pumps brought into motion by an electric motor. A dog with an implanted device lived for 2.5 hours. In addition to having the prototype, the preconditions for Demikhov's artificial heart creation were his manual dexterity, expertise in animal physiology, and his mechanistic worldview.

摘要

1937年，弗拉基米尔·德米霍夫作为苏联沃罗涅日一名四年级生物学专业的学生，设计出了世界上第一台植入式全人工心脏。作为其装置的原型，德米霍夫必定使用了莫斯科的谢尔盖·布鲁赫嫩科发明的体外血液循环装置。该装置只有狗的天然心脏那么大，由两个隔膜泵组成，由一台电动机驱动。一只植入该装置的狗存活了2.5小时。除了拥有这个原型外，德米霍夫制造人工心脏的先决条件是他心灵手巧、精通动物生理学以及他的机械论世界观。