Robertson Helen D, Bond Christine, Matheson Catriona
Academic Primary Care, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Fam Pract. 2015 Dec;32(6):639-45. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmv079. Epub 2015 Oct 25.
In the last 20 years, pharmaceutical care has evolved as a modus operandi for community pharmacy. This article tracks the development of pharmaceutical care for drug misusers since 1995 and considers the implications for pharmacy engagement with the wider care team.
To survey current community pharmacy service provision for drug misusers, past training and future training needs and compare with data from previous years (1995, 2000 and 2006).
A cross-sectional postal questionnaire of pharmacy managers in Scotland (n = 1246), and telephone interviews with non-respondents. Results were compared with previous surveys.
The response rate was 70% (873) including 13.2% (164) by telephone. More pharmacies dispensed methadone in 2014 (88.5%) than previously, a significant increase across all time points (1995, 2000 and 2006) (P < 0.001). Most pharmacies (88.1%) had some drug misusers registered for the minor ailment scheme. In 2014, 43.4% of pharmacists always reported a drug misuser's non-attendance for opiate replacement treatment (ORT) to the prescriber (36.6% in 2006). If patient intoxication was suspected, medication was always withheld by 47.9% (27.5% in 2006). Pharmacists undertaking training in drug misuse and blood-borne diseases increased significantly since 1995, to 78.6% and 48.7%, respectively, in 2014 (P < 0.001). The preferred topic for future training was communication/engagement with other services.
Pharmaceutical care for drug misusers has evolved from ORT supply to a more clinical approach. Pharmacists actively monitored ORT patients, managed their minor ailments and increasingly engaged with the wider care team.
在过去20年里，药学服务已发展成为社区药房的一种运作方式。本文追溯了自1995年以来针对药物滥用者的药学服务发展情况，并探讨了药房与更广泛护理团队合作的意义。
调查当前社区药房为药物滥用者提供的服务、过去的培训情况以及未来的培训需求，并与前几年（1995年、2000年和2006年）的数据进行比较。
对苏格兰的药房经理进行横断面邮政问卷调查（n = 1246），并对未回复者进行电话访谈。将结果与之前的调查进行比较。
回复率为70%（873份），其中通过电话回复的占13.2%（164份）。2014年，调配美沙酮的药房（88.5%）比以前更多，在所有时间点（1995年、2000年和2006年）均有显著增加（P < 0.001）。大多数药房（88.1%）有一些药物滥用者注册了小病治疗计划。2014年，43.4%的药剂师总是向开处方者报告药物滥用者未参加阿片类药物替代治疗（ORT）的情况（2006年为36.6%）。如果怀疑患者中毒，47.9%的药剂师总是会扣留药物（2006年为27.5%）。自1995年以来，接受药物滥用和血源性疾病培训的药剂师显著增加，2014年分别达到78.6%和48.7%（P < 0.001）。未来培训的首选主题是与其他服务机构的沟通/合作。
针对药物滥用者的药学服务已从ORT供应发展为更具临床性的方法。药剂师积极监测ORT患者，管理他们的小病，并越来越多地与更广泛的护理团队合作。
