Rokicki Slawa, Adamkiewicz Gary, Fang Shona C, Rigotti Nancy A, Winickoff Jonathan P, Levy Douglas E
Interfaculty Initiative in Health Policy, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 May;18(5):1282-1289. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv239. Epub 2015 Oct 26.
In 2012, the Boston Housing Authority (BHA) in Massachusetts implemented a smoke-free policy prohibiting smoking within its residences. We sought to characterize BHA resident experiences before and after the smoke-free policy implementation, and compare them to that of nearby residents of the Cambridge Housing Authority, which had no such policy.
We recruited a convenience sample of nonsmoking residents from the BHA and Cambridge Housing Authority. We measured residents' awareness and support of their local smoking policies before and 9-12 months after the BHA's policy implementation, as well as BHA respondents' attitudes towards the smoke-free policy. We assessed tobacco smoke exposure via saliva cotinine, airborne apartment nicotine, and self-reported number of days smelling smoke in the home. We evaluated predictors of general satisfaction at follow-up using linear regression.
At follow-up, 91% of BHA respondents knew that smoking was not allowed in apartments and 82% were supportive of such a policy in their building. BHA residents believed enforcement of the smoke-free policy was low. Fifty-one percent of BHA respondents indicated that other residents "never" or "rarely" followed the new smoke-free rule and 41% of respondents were dissatisfied with policy enforcement. Dissatisfaction with enforcement was the strongest predictor of general housing satisfaction, while objective and self-reported measures of tobacco smoke exposure were not predictive of satisfaction. At follow-up, 24% of BHA participants had complained to someone in charge about policy violations.
Resident support for smoke-free policies is high. However, lack of enforcement of smoke-free policies may cause frustration and resentment among residents, potentially leading to a decrease in housing satisfaction.
Smoke-free housing laws are becoming increasingly prevalent, yet little is known about satisfaction and compliance with such policies post-implementation. We evaluated nonsmoking residents' attitudes about smoke-free rules and their satisfaction with enforcement 1 year after the BHA implemented its comprehensive smoke-free policy. We found that while residents were supportive of the policy, they believed enforcement was low, a perception that was associated with a drop in housing satisfaction. Our findings point to a desire for smoke-free housing among public housing residents, and the importance of establishing systems and guidelines to help landlords monitor and enforce these policies effectively.
2012年，马萨诸塞州的波士顿住房管理局（BHA）实施了一项无烟政策，禁止在其住宅区内吸烟。我们试图描述无烟政策实施前后BHA居民的经历，并将其与附近没有此类政策的剑桥住房管理局的居民经历进行比较。
我们从BHA和剑桥住房管理局招募了一个非吸烟居民的便利样本。我们在BHA政策实施前和实施后9至12个月测量了居民对当地吸烟政策的知晓度和支持度，以及BHA受访者对无烟政策的态度。我们通过唾液可替宁、空气中的公寓尼古丁以及自我报告在家中闻到烟味的天数来评估烟草烟雾暴露情况。我们使用线性回归评估随访时总体满意度的预测因素。
在随访时，91%的BHA受访者知道公寓内禁止吸烟，82%的人支持其所在建筑实施这样的政策。BHA居民认为无烟政策的执行力度较低。51%的BHA受访者表示其他居民“从不”或“很少”遵守新的无烟规定，41%的受访者对政策执行情况不满意。对执行情况的不满是总体住房满意度的最强预测因素，而烟草烟雾暴露的客观测量和自我报告测量均不能预测满意度。在随访时，24%的BHA参与者曾就违规行为向负责人投诉。
居民对无烟政策的支持度较高。然而，无烟政策执行不力可能会在居民中引起沮丧和不满，可能导致住房满意度下降。
无烟住房法律越来越普遍，但对于实施后此类政策的满意度和遵守情况知之甚少。我们评估了BHA实施全面无烟政策一年后非吸烟居民对无烟规定的态度及其对执行情况的满意度。我们发现，虽然居民支持该政策，但他们认为执行力度较低，这种看法与住房满意度下降有关。我们的研究结果表明公共住房居民对无烟住房有需求，以及建立系统和指导方针以帮助房东有效监督和执行这些政策的重要性。
