Brusseau Timothy A, Burns Ryan D, Fu You
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, USA.
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, USA.
J Sci Med Sport. 2016 Sep;19(9):733-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.10.001. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
Given the importance of optimizing physical activity in adolescents, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of activity mode, environment, and semester on step counts/minute and MVPA during daily middle-school physical education (PE).
A prospective and observational research design.
Participants included 232 students (Mean age=13.3±0.4 years) recruited from the seventh and eighth grades from one public middle-school in the U.S. Activity modes were employed across the school year including motor skills, games, and fitness activities located in indoor and outdoor environments. Step counts/minute and MVPA were monitored across 132 PE lessons during Fall and Spring semesters using NL-1000 piezoelectric pedometers. A three-way Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was employed to examine the effect of activity mode (skill games vs. fitness), environment (indoors vs. outdoors), and semester (Fall vs. Spring) on student step counts/minute and MVPA. MANCOVA was followed by separate ANCOVA tests.
MANCOVA yielded a statistically significant three-way interaction (Wilks' Λ=0.98 F(2, 1153)=8.9, P<0.001). Follow-up tests supported that physical activity was higher during outdoor fitness activities in the Fall compared to indoor motor skills in the Spring for step counts/minute (Mean difference=27.0 steps/minute, P<0.001, Cohen's d=1.6) and MVPA (Mean difference=7.8min, P<0.001, Cohen's d=2.0).
Daily middle-school physical activity was the highest during outdoor fitness activities in the Fall and the lowest during indoor motor skill games in the Spring.
鉴于优化青少年体育活动的重要性，本研究旨在探讨活动模式、环境和学期对初中日常体育课期间每分钟步数和中等强度身体活动（MVPA）的影响。
前瞻性观察研究设计。
参与者包括从美国一所公立中学七、八年级招募的232名学生（平均年龄 = 13.3±0.4岁）。整个学年采用多种活动模式，包括运动技能、游戏以及在室内和室外环境中的健身活动。在秋季和春季学期的132节体育课中，使用NL - 1000压电式计步器监测每分钟步数和MVPA。采用三因素协方差分析（MANCOVA）来检验活动模式（技能游戏与健身）、环境（室内与室外）和学期（秋季与春季）对学生每分钟步数和MVPA的影响。MANCOVA之后进行单独的协方差分析（ANCOVA）测试。
MANCOVA产生了具有统计学意义的三因素交互作用（威尔克斯'Λ = 0.98，F(2, 1153)=8.9，P<0.001）。后续测试表明，与春季的室内运动技能相比，秋季户外健身活动期间的身体活动在每分钟步数方面更高（平均差异 = 27.0步/分钟，P<0.001，科恩d值 = 1.6），在MVPA方面也更高（平均差异 = 7.8分钟，P<0.001，科恩d值 = 2.0）。
初中日常体育活动在秋季的户外健身活动期间最高，在春季的室内运动技能游戏期间最低。
