Hobin Erin, Erickson Tannis, Comte Melisa, Zuo Fei, Pasha Saamir, Murnaghan Donna, Manske Steve, Casey Catherine, Griffith Jane, McGavock Jonathan
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Ave, Suite 300, Toronto, ON, M5R 1V2, Canada.
University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A2, Canada.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017 Jul 19;14(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12966-017-0550-7.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of a province-wide physical education (PE) policy on secondary school students' moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA).
Policy: In fall 2008, Manitoba expanded a policy requiring a PE credit for students in grades 11 and 12 for the first time in Canada. The PE curriculum requires grades 11 and 12 students to complete a minimum of 55 h (50% of course hours) of MVPA (e.g., ≥30 min/day of MVPA on ≥5 days a week) during a 5-month semester to achieve the course credit.
A natural experimental study was designed using two sub-studies: 1) quasi-experimental controlled pre-post analysis of self-reported MVPA data obtained from census data in intervention and comparison [Prince Edward Island (PEI)] provinces in 2008 (n = 33,619 in Manitoba and n = 2258 in PEI) and 2012 (n = 41,169 in Manitoba and n = 4942 in PEI); and, 2) annual objectively measured MVPA in cohorts of secondary students in intervention (n = 447) and comparison (Alberta; n = 224) provinces over 4 years (2008 to 2012).
In Study 1, two logistic regressions were conducted to model the odds that students accumulated: i) ≥30 min/day of MVPA, and ii) met Canada's national recommendation of ≥60 min/day of MVPA, in Manitoba versus PEI after adjusting for grade, sex, and BMI. In Study 2, a mixed effects model was used to assess students' minutes of MVPA per day per semester in Manitoba and Alberta, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, school location and school SES.
In Study 1, no significant differences were observed in students achieving ≥30 (OR:1.13, 95% CI:0.92, 1.39) or ≥60 min/day of MVPA (OR:0.92, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.07) from baseline to follow-up between Manitoba and PEI. In Study 2, no significant policy effect on students' MVPA trajectories from baseline to last follow-up were observed between Manitoba and Alberta overall (-1.52, 95% CI:-3.47, 0.42), or by covariates.
The Manitoba policy mandating PE in grades 11 and 12 had no effect on student MVPA overall or by key student or school characteristics. However, the effect of the PE policy may be underestimated due to the use of a nonrandomized research design and lack of data assessing the extent of policy implementation across schools. Nevertheless, findings can provide evidence about policy features that may improve the PE policy in Manitoba and inform future PE policies in other jurisdictions.
本文旨在探讨一项全省范围的体育教育（PE）政策对中学生中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的影响。
政策：2008年秋季，马尼托巴省首次在加拿大扩大了一项政策，要求11和12年级的学生获得体育学分。体育课程要求11和12年级的学生在一个5个月的学期内完成至少55小时（占课程总时长的50%）的MVPA（例如，每周至少5天，每天进行≥30分钟的MVPA），以获得课程学分。
本研究采用自然实验研究，包含两个子研究：1）对照2008年（马尼托巴省n = 33619，爱德华王子岛省（PEI）n = 2258）和2012年（马尼托巴省n = 41169，PEI n = 4942）干预省（马尼托巴省）和对照省（PEI）普查数据中自我报告的MVPA数据，进行准实验性对照前后分析；2）对干预省（n = 447）和对照省（艾伯塔省；n = 224）的中学生队列在4年（2008年至2012年）期间进行年度客观测量的MVPA研究。
在研究1中，进行了两次逻辑回归，以模拟在调整年级、性别和BMI后，马尼托巴省与PEI相比，学生积累：i）每天≥30分钟的MVPA，以及ii）达到加拿大每天≥60分钟MVPA的国家建议的几率。在研究2中，使用混合效应模型评估马尼托巴省和艾伯塔省学生每学期每天的MVPA分钟数，同时调整年龄、性别、BMI、学校位置和学校社会经济地位。
在研究1中，从基线到随访，马尼托巴省和PEI在学生达到每天≥30分钟（OR：1.13，95%CI：0.92，1.39）或≥60分钟MVPA（OR：0.92，95%CI：0.78，1.07）方面未观察到显著差异。在研究2中，从基线到最后随访，总体上（-1.52，95%CI：-3.47，0.42）或按协变量分析，在马尼托巴省和艾伯塔省之间未观察到对学生MVPA轨迹的显著政策影响。
马尼托巴省要求11和12年级学生接受体育教育的政策对学生总体MVPA以及关键学生或学校特征方面没有影响。然而，由于采用了非随机研究设计且缺乏评估学校间政策实施程度的数据，体育教育政策的效果可能被低估。尽管如此，研究结果可为改善马尼托巴省体育教育政策的政策特征提供证据，并为其他司法管辖区未来的体育教育政策提供参考。
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