Visualized intravesical floating hydrogel encapsulating vaporized perfluoropentane for controlled drug release.

Intravesical drug delivery is the main strategy for the treatment of bladder disorders. To reduce the relief arising from frequent intravesical instillation, mucoadhesive hydrogel was used for the controlled release of the drug. However, the viscosity of mucoadhesive gel might cause severe urinary obstruction and bladder irritation. To solve all these problems, a floating hydrogel delivery system was developed using perfluoropentane (PFP) as the floating agent. After intravesical instillation of the floating hydrogel, the increased temperature in bladder vaporized PFP, resulting in the generation of microbubbles in the hydrogel. Then, it can float in urine to avoid the urinary obstruction and bladder irritation. In this study, systematic experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of PFP vaporization on the morphology and floating ability of hydrogels. The floating process is much milder and safer than other floating methods published before. In addition, PFP had been used as contrast agent, which affiliated the monitoring of gels during the operation. Therefore, this new drug delivery system addresses the problems of conventional intravesical instillation and is promising for clinic use.