Sisneros Joseph A, Rogers Peter H
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;877:121-55. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-21059-9_7.
Evidence suggests that the capacity for sound source localization is common to mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, but surprisingly it is not known whether fish locate sound sources in the same manner (e.g., combining binaural and monaural cues) or what computational strategies they use for successful source localization. Directional hearing and sound source localization in fishes continues to be important topics in neuroethology and in the hearing sciences, but the empirical and theoretical work on these topics have been contradictory and obscure for decades. This chapter reviews the previous behavioral work on directional hearing and sound source localization in fishes including the most recent experiments on sound source localization by the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus), which has proven to be an exceptional species for fish studies of sound localization. In addition, the theoretical models of directional hearing and sound source localization for fishes are reviewed including a new model that uses a time-averaged intensity approach for source localization that has wide applicability with regard to source type, acoustic environment, and time waveform.
有证据表明，声源定位能力在哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物和两栖动物中普遍存在，但令人惊讶的是，目前尚不清楚鱼类是否以相同方式（如结合双耳和单耳线索）定位声源，也不清楚它们用于成功进行声源定位的计算策略是什么。鱼类的定向听觉和声源定位一直是神经行为学和听觉科学中的重要课题，但几十年来，关于这些课题的实证研究和理论研究一直相互矛盾且模糊不清。本章回顾了以往关于鱼类定向听觉和声源定位的行为学研究，包括最近对平头光尾鲨（Porichthys notatus）进行的声源定位实验，该物种已被证明是鱼类声源定位研究中的一个特殊物种。此外，还回顾了鱼类定向听觉和声源定位的理论模型，包括一种使用时间平均强度方法进行声源定位的新模型，该模型在声源类型、声学环境和时间波形方面具有广泛的适用性。
