Nevill Alan M, Duncan Michael J, Lahart Ian, Sandercock Gavin
a Faculty of Education , Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton , Walsall , UK.
b Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Coventry University , Coventry, UK , and.
Ann Hum Biol. 2016 Nov;43(6):497-504. doi: 10.3109/03014460.2015.1115126. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
The association between being overweight/obese and deprivation is a serious concern in English schoolchildren.
To model this association incorporating known confounders and to discover whether physical fitness and physical activity may reduce or eliminate this association.
Cross-sectional data were collected between 2007-2009, from 8053 10-16 year old children from the East-of-England Healthy Heart Study. Weight status was assessed using waist circumference (cm) and body mass (kg). Deprivation was measured using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Confounding variables used in the proportional, allometric models were hip circumference, stature, age and sex. Children's fitness levels were assessed using predicted VO max (20-metre shuttle-run test) and physical activity was estimated using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents or Children.
A strong association was found between both waist circumference and body mass and the IMD. These associations persisted after controlling for all confounding variables. When the children's physical activity and fitness levels were added to the models, the association was either greatly reduced or, in the case of body mass, absent.
To reduce deprivation inequalities in children's weight-status, health practitioners should focus on increasing physical fitness via physical activity in areas of greater deprivation.
超重/肥胖与贫困之间的关联是英国学童面临的一个严重问题。
建立包含已知混杂因素的这种关联模型，并探究体能和体育活动是否可能减少或消除这种关联。
在2007年至2009年期间，从英格兰东部健康心脏研究的8053名10至16岁儿童中收集横断面数据。使用腰围（厘米）和体重（千克）评估体重状况。使用多重贫困指数（IMD）衡量贫困程度。比例异速生长模型中使用的混杂变量有臀围、身高、年龄和性别。使用预测的最大摄氧量（20米往返跑测试）评估儿童的体能水平，并使用青少年或儿童体育活动问卷估计体育活动情况。
腰围和体重与IMD之间均发现有很强的关联。在控制所有混杂变量后，这些关联依然存在。当将儿童的体育活动和体能水平纳入模型时，这种关联要么大幅降低，要么就体重而言不存在了。
为减少儿童体重状况方面的贫困不平等现象，健康从业者应专注于通过在贫困程度较高地区开展体育活动来提高体能。
