Andruškienė Jurgita, Kuzmienė Ala, Martinkėnas Arvydas, Jurgutis Arnoldas, Ejlertsson Göran, Andersson Ingemar
Department of Public Health, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
Work. 2015;53(3):669-77. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152171.
Research in the area of workplace health promotion from a salutogenic perspective is lacking in Eastern Europe.
To evaluate the relationship between psychosocial work environment and health from a salutogenic perspective among Lithuanian hospital workers.
Using a cross-sectional design a questionnaire was distributed to staff in a large hospital in Lithuania. Out of 811 employees, 714 completed the survey: 151 physicians, 449 nurses and 114 other staff members (e.g., psychologists, technicians, therapists). A response rate of 88.0% was achieved. The Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS) and the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) were linguistically adapted and used for the first time in a Lithuanian context. Logistic and multiple linear regression models were used for the analyses.
Supportive working conditions, positive internal work experiences and time experience contributed the most to good health, defined as a high SHIS index. Having an executive post was significantly related to good work experiences, i.e. a high WEMS score, while being at the age of 40-54 years was associated with a low WEMS score. Physicians had the highest score on supportive working conditions; while nurses had the lowest scores on autonomy.
A salutogenic approach enables an organisation to identify how to improve working conditions for the employees by focusing on possibilities and resources. Individual activities for workplace health promotion among different work groups seem necessary.
从健康促进视角开展的工作场所健康促进领域的研究在东欧尚属空白。
从健康促进视角评估立陶宛医院工作人员心理社会工作环境与健康之间的关系。
采用横断面设计，对立陶宛一家大型医院的工作人员发放问卷。在811名员工中，714人完成了调查：151名医生、449名护士和114名其他工作人员（如心理学家、技术人员、治疗师）。应答率为88.0%。工作经验测量量表（WEMS）和健康促进健康指标量表（SHIS）在语言上进行了改编，并首次在立陶宛背景下使用。采用逻辑回归和多元线性回归模型进行分析。
支持性工作条件、积极的内部工作体验和时间体验对健康状况良好（定义为高SHIS指数）贡献最大。担任行政职务与良好的工作体验显著相关，即WEMS得分高，而年龄在40 - 54岁之间与低WEMS得分相关。医生在支持性工作条件方面得分最高；而护士在自主性方面得分最低。
健康促进方法使组织能够通过关注可能性和资源来确定如何改善员工的工作条件。针对不同工作群体开展工作场所健康促进的个体活动似乎很有必要。
