Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2015 Dec;40(12):728-735. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.10.003. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
Mitochondria function as cellular energy generators, producing the fuel required to drive biological processes. The response of cells to mitochondrial activity or dysfunction regulates their survival, growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Several proteins that contain mitochondrial-targeting sequences (MTS) also reside in the nucleus and there is increasing evidence that the nuclear translocation of mitochondrial proteins represents a novel pathway by which mitochondria signal their status to the cell. Here, we discuss the different mechanisms that control the dual mitochondrial and nuclear localisation of proteins and propose that these nuclear moonlighters represent a widespread regulatory circuit to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.
线粒体是细胞的能量发生器，产生驱动生物过程所需的燃料。细胞对线粒体活性或功能障碍的反应调节它们的存活、生长、增殖和分化。几种含有线粒体靶向序列（MTS）的蛋白质也存在于细胞核中，越来越多的证据表明，线粒体蛋白的核转位代表了一种新的途径，通过该途径，线粒体将其状态信号传递给细胞。在这里，我们讨论了控制蛋白质双重线粒体和核定位的不同机制，并提出这些核内“月亮人”代表了一种广泛的调节回路，以维持线粒体的平衡。
