Department of Genes and Environment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Genes and Environment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Ann Epidemiol. 2016 Apr;26(4):275-82. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.08.013. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
Our aim was to explore the association between alcohol consumption, before and during pregnancy, and the risk of preterm birth among 46,252 primiparous mothers.
We obtained information on alcohol consumption from questionnaire responses at pregnancy week 15 from the prospective, observational Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Data on preterm birth, categorized as delivery before gestation week 37, were retrieved from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway.
Among the participants, 91% consumed alcohol before pregnancy and fewer than 20% reported consuming alcohol during pregnancy. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for preterm birth associated with prepregnancy alcohol consumption was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-0.95). We did not find a risk reduction for overall drinking during pregnancy, aOR = 1.03 (95% CI, 0.90-1.19). However, dose-response analyses showed tendencies toward adverse effects when drinking 1-3 times per month during the first 15 weeks of pregnancy, aOR = 1.51 (95% CI, 1.14-2.00).
We did not find any effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, whereas pre-pregnancy drinking was associated with reduced risk of preterm birth. Residual confounding may have influenced the risk estimates, especially before pregnancy, as nondrinkers have lower socioeconomic status and well-being than drinkers.
本研究旨在探讨 46252 名初产妇孕期前后饮酒与早产风险之间的关系。
我们从前瞻性、观察性的挪威母婴队列研究中获取了孕妇第 15 孕周时的饮酒情况问卷数据。挪威医学出生登记处的数据则用于获取早产（定义为妊娠 37 周前分娩）信息。
在参与者中，91%在怀孕前饮酒，不到 20%报告在怀孕期间饮酒。与孕前饮酒相关的早产调整优势比（aOR）为 0.81（95%置信区间 [CI]，0.70-0.95）。我们没有发现孕期总饮酒量与早产风险降低相关，aOR=1.03（95%CI，0.90-1.19）。然而，剂量-反应分析显示，在妊娠前 15 周内每月饮酒 1-3 次时，存在不良影响的趋势，aOR=1.51（95%CI，1.14-2.00）。
我们没有发现孕期饮酒与早产风险之间的任何关联，而孕前饮酒与早产风险降低有关。残留混杂因素可能影响了风险估计，尤其是在孕前饮酒方面，因为不饮酒者的社会经济地位和健康状况比饮酒者差。
