Hatano Kai, Sugimura Kazumi, Crocetti Elisabetta
Osaka Prefecture University, Japan.
Hiroshima University, Japan.
J Adolesc. 2016 Feb;47:156-68. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.09.008. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
The aim of the present study was to gain new insights into the dark and bright sides of identity formation with a sample of 1851 Japanese adolescents and emerging adults, applying a three-dimensional model of identity formation (i.e., commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment). By means of cluster analysis, we identified five statuses that strongly resembled statues extracted in prior research with Western youth: achievement, foreclosure, moratorium, diffusion, and searching moratorium. We found that each status reported a distinct profile in terms of personality and psychosocial problems. Importantly, we found that the searching moratorium status was adaptive in adolescence but not in emerging adulthood. These results suggest that the five statuses are replicable in Japanese adolescents and emerging adults, and that the searching moratorium status presents a combination of the bright and dark sides whose prevalence varies with age. Clinical implications for identity research and intervention programs are discussed.
本研究旨在通过对1851名日本青少年和新兴成年人的样本进行研究，运用身份形成的三维模型（即承诺、深入探索和对承诺的重新考虑），来深入了解身份形成的阴暗面和光明面。通过聚类分析，我们确定了五种状态，这些状态与先前对西方青少年研究中提取的状态非常相似：成就型、早闭型、延缓型、弥散型和探索延缓型。我们发现，每种状态在人格和心理社会问题方面都呈现出独特的特征。重要的是，我们发现探索延缓型状态在青少年期具有适应性，但在新兴成年期则不然。这些结果表明，这五种状态在日本青少年和新兴成年人中是可复制的，并且探索延缓型状态呈现出光明面和阴暗面的结合，其普遍性随年龄而变化。文中还讨论了身份研究和干预项目的临床意义。
