Park Hanla, Papadaki Angeliki
Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Appetite. 2016 Jan 1;96:517-525. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.10.022. Epub 2015 Oct 23.
Vending machine use has been associated with low dietary quality among children but there is limited evidence on its role in food habits of University students. We aimed to examine the nutritional value of foods sold in vending machines in a UK University and conduct formative research to investigate differences in food intake and body weight by vending machine use among 137 University students. The nutrient content of snacks and beverages available at nine campus vending machines was assessed by direct observation in May 2014. Participants (mean age 22.5 years; 54% males) subsequently completed a self-administered questionnaire to assess vending machine behaviours and food intake. Self-reported weight and height were collected. Vending machine snacks were generally high in sugar, fat and saturated fat, whereas most beverages were high in sugar. Seventy three participants (53.3%) used vending machines more than once per week and 82.2% (n 60) of vending machine users used them to snack between meals. Vending machine accessibility was positively correlated with vending machine use (r = 0.209, P = 0.015). Vending machine users, compared to non-users, reported a significantly higher weekly consumption of savoury snacks (5.2 vs. 2.8, P = 0.014), fruit juice (6.5 vs. 4.3, P = 0.035), soft drinks (5.1 vs. 1.9, P = 0.006), meat products (8.3 vs. 5.6, P = 0.029) and microwave meals (2.0 vs. 1.3, P = 0.020). No between-group differences were found in body weight. Most foods available from vending machines in this UK University were of low nutritional quality. In this sample of University students, vending machine users displayed several unfavourable dietary behaviours, compared to non-users. Findings can be used to inform the development of an environmental intervention that will focus on vending machines to improve dietary behaviours in University students in the UK.
自动售货机的使用与儿童的低饮食质量相关，但关于其在大学生饮食习惯中作用的证据有限。我们旨在研究英国一所大学自动售货机所售食品的营养价值，并开展形成性研究，以调查137名大学生使用自动售货机对食物摄入量和体重的影响。2014年5月，通过直接观察对九个校园自动售货机提供的零食和饮料的营养成分进行了评估。参与者（平均年龄22.5岁；54%为男性）随后完成了一份自我管理问卷，以评估自动售货机使用行为和食物摄入量。收集了自我报告的体重和身高数据。自动售货机零食通常糖、脂肪和饱和脂肪含量高，而大多数饮料糖分高。73名参与者（53.3%）每周使用自动售货机超过一次，82.2%（n = 60）的自动售货机使用者在两餐之间用其来吃零食。自动售货机的可及性与自动售货机使用呈正相关（r = 0.209，P = 0.015）。与非使用者相比，自动售货机使用者报告每周咸味零食（5.2对2.8，P = 0.014）、果汁（6.5对4.3，P = 0.035）、软饮料（5.1对1.9，P = 0.006）、肉类产品（8.3对5.6，P = 0.029）和微波食品（2.0对1.3，P = 0.020）的消费量显著更高。体重方面未发现组间差异。这所英国大学自动售货机提供的大多数食品营养质量较低。在这个大学生样本中，与非使用者相比，自动售货机使用者表现出几种不良的饮食行为。研究结果可用于为一项环境干预措施的制定提供信息，该措施将聚焦于自动售货机，以改善英国大学生的饮食行为。
