Radoi Valentin, Carsote Mara, Petris Rodica, Paun Diana, Poiana Catalina
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ; C. I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania.
Clujul Med. 2014;87(2):87-90. doi: 10.15386/cjmed-288. Epub 2014 May 30.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most cited non communicable diseases and the most common metabolic disorder. Epigenetics represents the field of study of heritable changes in gene expression which are not directly related to DNA. Epigenetics is concerned, alongside histone modifications, short interfering RNAs etc., with microRNAs (miRNAs) as well. These are small noncoding RNAs, 21 to 23 nucleotides in length, which either inhibit translation or affect mRNA stability and degradation. At present, there are dozens of miRNAs which have been proven to be involved in the animal and human pathology of diabetes (type 1 or 2). This review focuses on the miRNAs which have been identified as playing a role in both psychiatric diseases and diabetes.
糖尿病是被引用最多的非传染性疾病之一，也是最常见的代谢紊乱疾病。表观遗传学是研究基因表达中可遗传变化的领域，这些变化与DNA没有直接关系。除了组蛋白修饰、小干扰RNA等，表观遗传学也涉及微小RNA（miRNA）。这些是长度为21至23个核苷酸的小型非编码RNA，它们要么抑制翻译，要么影响mRNA的稳定性和降解。目前，已有数十种miRNA被证明与糖尿病（1型或2型）的动物和人类病理学有关。本综述重点关注已被确定在精神疾病和糖尿病中均起作用的miRNA。
