Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2019 Jun;39(6):321-330. doi: 10.1089/jir.2018.0155. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring, highly conserved families of transcripts (∼22 nucleotides in length) that are processed from larger hairpin precursors. miRNAs primarily regulate gene expression by promoting messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or repressing mRNA translation. miRNAs have been shown to be important regulators of a variety of cellular processes involving development, differentiation, and signaling. Moreover, various human diseases, including cancer and immune dysfunction, are associated with aberrant expression of miRNAs. This review will focus on how the multifunctional miRNA, miR-155, regulates inflammatory diseases, including cancer and pulmonary disorders, and also how miR-155 expression and biogenesis are regulated. We will also provide examples of miR-155-regulated networks in coordination with other noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs as well as coding mRNAs acting as competing endogenous RNAs.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 是一类自然存在的、高度保守的转录物家族（长度约为 22 个核苷酸），它们从较大的发夹前体中加工而来。miRNAs 主要通过促进信使 RNA（mRNA）降解或抑制 mRNA 翻译来调节基因表达。已经证明，miRNAs 是多种细胞过程的重要调节剂，包括发育、分化和信号转导。此外，各种人类疾病，包括癌症和免疫功能障碍，与 miRNAs 的异常表达有关。本综述将重点讨论多功能 miRNA miR-155 如何调节炎症性疾病，包括癌症和肺部疾病，以及 miR-155 的表达和生物发生如何受到调节。我们还将提供 miR-155 调节的与其他非编码 RNA（包括长非编码 RNA 以及作为竞争内源性 RNA 的编码 mRNAs）协调的网络的示例。
