Brownlie E B, Bao Lin, Beitchman Joseph
Child, Youth and Family Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2016 Aug;44(6):1061-70. doi: 10.1007/s10802-015-0097-5.
Language disorder is associated with anxiety and with social problems in childhood and adolescence. However, the relation between language disorder and adult social anxiety is not well known. This study examines social anxiety in early adulthood in a 26-year prospective longitudinal study following individuals identified with a communication disorder at age 5 and a control group. Social anxiety diagnoses and subthreshold symptoms were examined at ages 19, 25, and 31 using a structured diagnostic interview; social anxiety symptoms related to social interaction and social performance were also assessed dimensionally at age 31. Multiple imputation was used to address attrition. Compared to controls, participants with childhood language disorder had higher rates of subthreshold social phobia at ages 19 and 25 and endorsed higher levels of social interaction anxiety symptoms at age 31, with particular difficulty talking to others and asserting their perspectives. Childhood language disorder is a specific risk factor for a circumscribed set of social anxiety symptoms in adulthood, which are likely associated with communication challenges.
语言障碍与儿童期和青少年期的焦虑及社交问题相关。然而，语言障碍与成人社交焦虑之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究在一项为期26年的前瞻性纵向研究中，对5岁时被认定患有沟通障碍的个体及一个对照组进行跟踪，考察其成年早期的社交焦虑情况。在19岁、25岁和31岁时，使用结构化诊断访谈来检查社交焦虑诊断及阈下症状；在31岁时，还从维度上评估了与社交互动和社交表现相关的社交焦虑症状。采用多重填补法来处理数据缺失问题。与对照组相比，患有儿童期语言障碍的参与者在19岁和25岁时阈下社交恐惧症的发生率更高，在31岁时认可的社交互动焦虑症状水平更高，尤其是在与他人交谈和表达自己观点方面存在特别困难。儿童期语言障碍是成年期特定一系列社交焦虑症状的一个特定风险因素，这些症状可能与沟通挑战有关。
