[Current possibilities and limits of transcranial Doppler sonography as a cerebral monitoring procedure].

Transcranial Doppler Sonography (TCD) can meet some requirements for an ideal measuring device of the cerebral circulation. TCD can measure non-invasively and repeatably blood flow velocities of basal cerebral arteries. Under the assumption of constant vessel diameters can altered flow velocities reflect alterations of cerebral blood flow. TCD-measurements have been used frequently for diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Furthermore TCD has been applied in cerebrovascular diseases, during operations with extracorporal circulation and in patients with increased intracranial pressure. Unchanged diameters of basal cerebral arteries have been proven only for carbon dioxide variations and some drugs; this cannot be presupposed during alterations of mean arterial or intracranial pressure. If conditions as ventilation, hemodynamics and drug therapy are kept constant, TCD may be valuable for short-term-trend-detection of cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure.