Pachajoa Harry, Villota Vania A, Cruz Luz Marina, Ariza Yoseth
Fundación Clínica Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
Centro de Investigaciones en Anomalías Congénitas y Enfermedades Raras, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi.
Biomedica. 2015 Apr-Jun;35(2):227-34. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572015000200011.
Birth defects are morphologic alterations diagnosed prenatal or postnatally. Surveillance systems have been used to estimate the prevalence in high complexity care centers; however, the variation of the prevalence among different complexity care centers remains unknown.
To compare the prevalence of birth defects among two different complexity care centers in Cali, Colombia.
A descriptive hospital-based study following the methodology of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations was conducted during 20 months in a medium complexity hospital and a high complexity hospital.
During the study period, 7,140 births were attended of which 225 had at least one birth defect. The prevalence of these was of 1.7% (IC95% 1.3-2.0) and 7.4% (IC95% 6.2-8.7) for the medium complexity hospital and the high complexity hospital, respectively. The highest frequencies for the high complexity care center were: ventricular septal defect, 10%; congenital hydronephrosis, 7%; abdominal wall defects, 6%, and hydrocephalus, 5%, while for the medium complexity were: polydactyly, 15%; preauricular skin tags, 8%; congenital talipes equino varus, 7%, and hemangioma, 6%.
The prevalence of birth defects among different complexity care centers varies in quantity, type and severity of the anomaly diagnosed. The surveillance of birth defects is a useful tool for any level of care. It allows estimating more accurately the prevalence of the city, as well being a base for the planning and targeting of resources according to the prevalence of different congenital defects.
出生缺陷是指在产前或产后诊断出的形态学改变。监测系统已被用于估计高复杂性护理中心的患病率；然而，不同复杂性护理中心之间患病率的差异仍不明确。
比较哥伦比亚卡利市两个不同复杂性护理中心的出生缺陷患病率。
采用拉丁美洲先天性畸形协作研究的方法，在一家中等复杂性医院和一家高复杂性医院进行了为期20个月的基于医院的描述性研究。
在研究期间，共接生7140例婴儿，其中225例至少有一项出生缺陷。中等复杂性医院和高复杂性医院的患病率分别为1.7%（95%置信区间1.3 - 2.0）和7.4%（95%置信区间6.2 - 8.7）。高复杂性护理中心发生率最高的缺陷有：室间隔缺损，10%；先天性肾积水，7%；腹壁缺陷，6%，以及脑积水，5%，而中等复杂性护理中心发生率最高的缺陷有：多指畸形，15%；耳前皮肤赘生物，8%；先天性马蹄内翻足，7%，以及血管瘤，6%。
不同复杂性护理中心的出生缺陷患病率在异常诊断的数量、类型和严重程度上存在差异。出生缺陷监测对于任何护理水平都是一种有用的工具。它有助于更准确地估计城市的患病率，也是根据不同先天性缺陷的患病率进行资源规划和目标设定的基础。
