Baltaxe Erik, Zarante Ignacio
Instituto de Genética Humana, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia.
Arch Cardiol Mex. 2006 Jul-Sep;76(3):263-8.
To estimate the prevalence of congenital heart defects in Colombia using the methodology of the Latin-American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC, for its initials in Spanish) and to make an epidemiological description of the study population.
A prospective case-control study nested to a hospital-based cohort included 44,985 infants born from June 1, 2001 to April 30, 2005 in 11 Colombian hospitals.
Fifty-five cases were reported (1.2 per 1,000); 36 (65.5%) corresponded to severe defects and 18 (32.7%) had associated extracardiac malformations. The following risk factors were identified: maternal age > or = 40 years, paternal age > or = 30 years, gestational age < or = 37 weeks, birth weight < or = 3,000 g and > or = 3 pregnancies.
This study shows a similar prevalence of congenital heart disease to that found in Spain, Mexico, and South America. Risk factors identified emphasize the need for public health policies in a developing country undergoing an epidemiological transition.
采用拉丁美洲先天性畸形协作研究（ECLAMC，西班牙语首字母缩写）的方法评估哥伦比亚先天性心脏缺陷的患病率，并对研究人群进行流行病学描述。
一项嵌套于以医院为基础的队列中的前瞻性病例对照研究，纳入了2001年6月1日至2005年4月30日在哥伦比亚11家医院出生的44985名婴儿。
报告了55例病例（每1000例中有1.2例）；36例（65.5%）为严重缺陷，18例（32.7%）伴有心外畸形。确定了以下危险因素：母亲年龄≥40岁、父亲年龄≥30岁、孕周≤37周、出生体重≤3000克以及≥3次怀孕。
本研究显示先天性心脏病的患病率与西班牙、墨西哥和南美洲的患病率相似。所确定的危险因素强调了在一个正在经历流行病学转变的发展中国家制定公共卫生政策的必要性。
