Rodrigues Naira Lígia de Araújo, Lima Luisa Helena de Oliveira, Carvalho Elaine de Sousa, Vera Paula Valentina de Sousa, Frota Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves, Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira, Oliveira Edina Araújo Rodrigues
Universidade Federal do Piauí, Picos, Piauí, Brazil.
Family Health Care Center, Piauí, Brazil.
Invest Educ Enferm. 2015;33(2):315-24. doi: 10.17533/udea.iee.v33n2a14.
Identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents.
Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from May to September 2012, in the public schools of the city of Picos (Piaui State, Brazil). The sample consisted of 320 adolescents 10-19 years.
As to gender, 60% were female. With regard to blood pressure values, 15.3% of participants had altered blood pressure values (6.9% with hypertension) and, in relation to nutritional status, 15.6% were overweight and 5.3% obese. None of the variables showed statistically significant differences according to sex. Correlation were found between the variables: family history of hypertension with arm circumference and triceps skinfold; maternal education with triceps skinfold thickness and diastolic blood pressure; uptime with body mass index, arm circumference, waist-hip ratio and heart rate; birth weight with body mass index and arm circumference.
A significant proportion of adolescent respondents had risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Nursing should lead the adoption of interventions that promote the improvement of healthy lifestyle in adolescence, thus avoiding not only cardiovascular disease, but also other chronic diseases that can develop.
确定青少年心血管疾病的危险因素。
2012年5月至9月在皮科斯市（巴西皮奥伊州）的公立学校开展描述性横断面研究。样本包括320名10 - 19岁的青少年。
在性别方面，60%为女性。关于血压值，15.3%的参与者血压值异常（6.9%患有高血压）；在营养状况方面，15.6%超重，5.3%肥胖。各变量在性别上均未显示出统计学显著差异。发现变量之间存在相关性：高血压家族史与上臂围和肱三头肌皮褶厚度相关；母亲受教育程度与肱三头肌皮褶厚度和舒张压相关；作息时间与体重指数、上臂围、腰臀比和心率相关；出生体重与体重指数和上臂围相关。
相当一部分青少年受访者存在心血管疾病的危险因素。护理工作应引领采取干预措施，促进青少年健康生活方式的改善，从而不仅避免心血管疾病，还能避免可能出现的其他慢性疾病。
